邯郸市成年居民筛查甲状腺疾病患病情况及影响因素调查

Prevalence and influencing factors of thyroid diseases among adult residents in Handan City

目的调查邯郸市常住成年居民甲状腺疾病的检出情况,并分析该地区人群甲状腺疾病患病的影响因素,为当地疾病防控提供科学依据。方法采用方便抽样法于2022年1—12月选择邯郸市2个区和2个县,对抽中区县再分别随机抽取2个街道(村),在抽中的街道(村)中招募当地常住成年居民进行问卷调查、体格检查、血甲状腺激素水平检测及甲状腺超声检查。采用描述性分析方法对居民的甲状腺疾病患病情况进行分析,并采用单、多因素分析方法对甲状腺疾病患病影响因素进行分析。结果本研究共调查2700名邯郸市常住居民,共有1035例筛查出甲状腺疾病,患病率38.52%,包括甲状腺功能亢进(1.34%)、甲状腺功能减退(1.53%)、地方性甲状腺肿(2.05%)及甲状腺结节性病变(33.61%)。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,性别(OR=1.562)、年龄(OR=1.035)、超重(OR=2.700)、肥胖(OR=3.541)、睡眠时间(OR=2.296)、吸烟(OR=1.454)、食用盐情况(加碘盐OR=1.891、无碘盐与加碘盐均食用OR=1.735)、经常食用高碘食物(OR=2.303)、血压异常(OR=1.933)、血脂异常(OR=1.850)、尿碘水平(碘不足OR=1.853、碘过量OR=1.718)、甲状腺疾病家族史(OR=2.499)是邯郸市成年居民甲状腺疾病检出的影响因素。结论邯郸市常住居民甲状腺疾病检出率较高,其中以甲状腺结节性病变为主;由于甲状腺疾病多缺乏自觉症状且影响因素较多,因此社区居民需重视甲状腺超声及甲状腺功能筛查,以有效预防甲状腺疾病的发生及发展。

Objective To investigate the detection of thyroid diseases in permanent adult residents of Handan City,and analyze the influencing factors of thyroid diseases in the population,so as to provide scientific basis for local disease prevention and control.Methods The convenient sampling method was used to select two districts and two counties in Handan City from January to December 2022,and two streets(villages)were randomly selected from the selected districts and counties,respectively.Local adult residents were recruited from the selected streets(villages)for questionnaire survey,physical examination,blood thyroid hormone level detection,and thyroid ultrasound examination.The descriptive analysis was used to analyze the prevalence of thyroid diseases among residents,and the univariate and multivariate analysis methods were used to analyze the influencing factors of thyroid diseases.Results A total of 2700 permanent residents of Handan City were investigated,of them 1035 healthy subjects were screened for thyroid diseases,with a prevalence rate of 38.52%,including hyperthyroidism(1.34%),hypothyroidism(1.53%),local goiter(2.05%),and thyroid nodular lesions(33.61%).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that gender(OR=1.562),age(OR=1.035),overweight(OR=2.700),obesity(OR=3.541),sleep time(OR=2.296),smoking(OR=1.454),consumption of iodized salt(OR=1.891),consumption of both non⁃iodized salt and iodized salt(OR=1.735),regular consumption of high iodine food(OR=2.303),abnormal blood pressure(OR=1.933),dyslipidemia(OR=1.850),iodine deficiency(OR=1.853),iodine excess(OR=1.718),and family history of thyroid disease(OR=2.499)were the influential factors in the detection of thyroid disease in Handan.Conclusions The screening rate of thyroid diseases among permanent residents in Handan City is high,and thyroid nodular lesions are the main ones.Due to the lack of conscious symptoms and many influencing factors of thyroid diseases,community residents should pay attention to thyroid ultrasound and thyroid function screening to effectively prevent the occurrence and development of thyroid diseases.