台湾省旅游地理学科发展及学术社区差异分析

Difference in the development of tourism geography subject andacademic communities in Taiwan, China

本研究在回顾台湾省旅游地理学科发展的基础上,以旅游地理学术论文为材料,分析台湾省旅游地理相关学术社区的知识生产差异。研究发现:(1)研究主题差异,地理学科主要研究旅游区域开发与空间效应等;旅游休闲学科主要研究旅游休闲行为、目的地营销与管理等;资源与环境学科主要研究旅游环境承载力及资源环境经营与管理等;人文学科主要研究文化表征、文化认同等。(2)研究范式差异,地理学科以区域地理、空间科学及实证主义地理学为主;旅游休闲及资源环境学科以行为地理及应用地理为主;人文学科以文化转向、激进地理学及区域地理学为主。(3)研究方法差异,地理学科偏向定性研究,数据来源以区域尺度的二手资料、实地调查为主;旅游休闲及资源环境学科以定量研究为主,数据来源以地方尺度的二手资料、问卷调查为主;人文学科通过参与观察、深度访谈、实地调查方法采集地方尺度的数据,主要开展定性研究。(4)不同学科背景的旅游地理研究差异由其研究传统、学术政治、研究实践所塑造。本研究为旅游地理知识社会学提供了典型案例,有助于理解和总结中国旅游地理学学科体系及其演变。

By reviewing the development of tourism geography in Taiwan Province,this paper analyzes the research differences in knowledge production in tourism geography-related academic communities in Taiwan using tourism geography papers as materials.The results show that:(1)research theme differences exist,in which geography subject mainly researches tourism regional development and spatial effects;tourism and leisure subject mainly studies tourism and leisure behavior,destination marketing and management;resources and environment subject mainly studies the environmental carrying capacity of tourism and resource and environmental management;and humanities subject mainly studies cultural representation and identity.(2)Research paradigms differ that geography subject mainly employs regional geography,spatial science and positivist geography;tourism and leisure subject uses behavioral geography and applied geography;and humanities subject employs cultural turn,radical and regional geography.(3)Research methods are different that geography subject collects second-hand data and fieldwork data at the regional scale,mainly qualitativeled;tourism,recreation,resources and environment subjects collect local-scale secondary data and questionnaire data,mainly for quantitative research;and humanities subject collects localscale data through participatory observation,in-depth interview,and fieldwork,mainly for qualitative research.(4)The differences in tourism geography research across disciplinary backgrounds are shaped by their research traditions,academic politics,and research practices.This study provides a typical case study for the sociology of knowledge in tourism geography,which helps to understand and summarize the disciplinary system of tourism geography in China and its evolution.