蒙古扁桃叶绿体遗传特征分析

Analysis of Chloroplast Genetic Characteristics of Amygdalus mongolica

以古老孑遗植物蒙古扁桃为试材,基于Illumina HiSeq X^(Ten)平台测序,采用生物信息学分析方法,研究了蒙古扁桃叶绿体基因组特征和系统发育情况,以期为蒙古扁桃和近缘种物种鉴定、系统发育地位以及早春观赏植物和西北荒漠草地植物的育种培育提供参考依据。结果表明:蒙古扁桃叶绿体基因组为四分体式结构。其蛋白编码基因共编码26428个密码子,有29种是偏好密码子。密码子UUU数目最多,达1034个;密码子GCG数目最少,为137个。编码亮氨酸的密码子数目最多(2637个),占总量的9.98%;编码色氨酸的密码子数目最少(531个)仅占到1.94%。根据设置参数,发现蒙古扁桃叶绿体基因组中串联重复有16个,SSR位点有31个。SSR大多位于基因间区IGS和LSC区域。SSR中未检测到三核苷酸重复。基于叶绿体全基因组序列数据发现蒙古扁桃与桃亚属的桃和甘肃桃亲缘关系较近。

Taking the ancient relic plant named Amygdalus mongolica as the test material,based on Ilumina HiSeq X^(Ten) platform sequencing and bioinformatics analysis methods,the chloroplast genome characteristics and phylogenetic status of A.mongolica were studied,in order to provide reference for species identification of A.mongolica and the related species,phylogenetic status,and breeding of early spring ornamental plants and northwest barren desert-grassland plants.The results showed that the chloroplast genome of A.mongolica had a tetrad structure.The protein coding genes encoded a total of 26428 codons,of which 29 types were preferred codons.The maximum number of codons UUU was 1034.The minimum number of GCG in the codon was 137.The number of codons encoding leucine was the highest(2637),accounting for 9.98% of the total.The number of codons encoding tryptophan was the lowest(531),accounting for only 1.94%.According to the setting parameters,16 tandem repeats and 31 SSR loci were found in the chloroplast genome of A.mongolica.Most SSRs were located in IGS(Intergenic Regions)and LSC Regions.No trinucleotide duplication was detected in SSRs.Based on the chloroplast genome sequence data,it was found that A.mongolica was closely related to Amygdalus persica and Amygdalus kansuensis.