紫花苜蓿微型蔬菜栽培基质及品种筛选研究

Study on Growing Medium and Cultivar Screenings forAlfalfa Micro-green Production

以紫花苜蓿品种‘WL525HQ’为试材,采用单因素完全随机设计,设定6种不同栽培基质配比及2种不同种植方式,通过测定其发芽率、地上地下生物量和根系形态,筛选适宜紫花苜蓿微型蔬菜栽培的基质及种植方式;以28个紫花苜蓿品种为试材,采用单因素完全随机设计,通过测定皂苷含量、刀豆氨酸含量,筛选出作为微型蔬菜生产的最佳紫花苜蓿品种;通过灰色关联度分析刀豆氨酸含量与公司、产地和秋眠级的关联度,以期为筛选紫花苜蓿微型蔬菜生产的基质、种植方式和品种提供参考依据。结果表明:紫花苜蓿微型蔬菜在草炭∶蛭石=1∶1(S1处理)的混合基质栽培下,地上、地下部生物量最高;相较于催芽移栽,直接播种的紫花苜蓿长势更好;28个紫花苜蓿品种中,‘WL363HQ’的刀豆氨酸含量最低,可作为紫花苜蓿微型蔬菜生产的最佳品种。紫花苜蓿品种产地、秋眠级与刀豆氨酸含量关联度较大,可为紫花苜蓿微型蔬菜品种筛选提供参考依据。

Taking the alfalfa variety‘WL525HQ’as the test material,a single factor completely random design was adopted,with 6different cultivation substrate ratios and 2different planting methods set.By measuring its germination rate,aboveground and underground biomass,and root morphology,suitable substrates and planting methods for the cultivation of alfalfa micro vegetables were screened.Taking 28alfalfa varieties as test materials,a single factor completely random design was used to screen the best alfalfa varieties for micro vegetable production by measuring saponin content and concanavaline content.By analyzing the correlation between the content of concanavaline and the company,place of origin,and autumn dormancy level through grey relational analysis,in order to provide reference for screening the substrate,planting methods,and varieties of alfalfa micro vegetables for production.The results showed that aboveground and underground biomasses of alfalfa micro-green were the highest under the growing medium,which was a mixture of peat and vermiculite with a volume ratio of 1.Direct sowing could lead to better growth of alfalfa than transplanting.Cultivar‘WL363HQ’was the most suitable variety for alfalfa micro-green production due to the lowest canavanine content among 28 alfalfa varieties.Canavanine content was correlated with producing place and fall dormancy rating,which could be used for future variety screening.