基于合作博弈的城市楼宇集群分布式储能容量共享

Energy Storage Capacity Sharing of Urban Building Cluster Based on Cooperative Game

分布式可再生能源发电设备在城市中日益普及,配置储能是应对其出力不确定性的有效措施,但楼宇各自配置储能仍存在成本高、利用率低等问题。在自有储能共享模式下,采用合作博弈理论设计了一种城市楼宇以合作联盟形式进行储能容量共享的机制,并在考虑储能初始投入差异的前提下基于改进Raiffa解法设计了一种合作剩余分配方式。算例结果表明:通过提出的储能共享机制,城市楼宇集群的储能资源利用率提高了18.12%,运行成本降低了10.22%,实现了参与储能共享楼宇的“降本增效”;通过提出的合作剩余分配方式,楼宇集群中配置储能楼宇的“降本”幅度远高于未配置储能楼宇,体现了分配方式的公平性,且计算量较Shapley值法有明显减少。

Distributed generation using renewable energy is prevalent in cities,and energy storage is an effective method for addressing the uncertainty of its output.However,problems such as high costs and low utilization rates may be encountered in buildings that use energy storage.In the self-owned energy-storage sharing mode,an alliance mechanism based on a cooperative game was designed for urban buildings.Furthermore,a cooperative surplus distribution method,which considers the difference in energy storage investment,was developed based on an improved Raiffa solution algorithm.The simulation results demonstrate the applicability of the proposed alliance mechanism in an urban building cluster with different types of buildings,such as residential,office,and commercial buildings.Compared with the noncooperative mechanism,the cost was reduced by 10.22%,and the energy storage utilization rate increased by 18.12%.Moreover,the reduced amplitude of the cost of buildings with energy storage was much higher than that of buildings without energy storage.Therefore,the proposed cooperative surplus distribution method is reasonable,and the calculation volume is significantly reduced compared with that of the Shapley value method.