福州苍霞洲李氏中医儿科学术流派论治小儿高热特色

The characteristics of LI’s TCM pediatric academic school in Fuzhou in treating high fever in children

发热病因病机复杂,临证以外感热病多见。小儿发热严重会对患儿的神经发育造成难以修复的损伤,影响语言沟通及自主行动能力。现代医学主要采取物理降温、抗病毒、抗感染等方法治疗该病,但长期应用上述方法会使患儿神经发育受损,影响患儿的记忆和学习能力,对智力的影响有可能持续到成年,故其临床应用有限。中医药在治疗小儿高热方面有丰富的临证经验。文章通过整理福州李氏中医儿科历史书籍,主要探讨福州李氏中医儿科学术流派论治小儿高热的经验。福州李氏儿科流派始于清末,一脉相承,近百年已传六代,是福州中医儿科学的主要组成部分,也是福建儿科流派最为重要的分支之一。福州李氏儿科学术流派针药结合,继承并创新,弥补不足,结合现代技术及地域特点,在长期与小儿高热的抗争中凝练出独具特色的小儿高热用药经验和诊疗技术:重外感,以疏为要截病邪,以清为要通腑热,以下为要。治高热时善用药对荆芥、薄荷、豆豉;黄连、连翘、栀子;大黄、石膏、瓜蒌等。李氏流派医家尤为重视内外兼治,擅长运用小儿飞针特色治法,临床中疗效颇丰,为流派的积淀、继承、发扬奠定了坚实的基础,也为同道提供了一定借鉴。

The etiology and pathogenesis of fever are complicated,and fever disease caused by external pathegenic factors is common.Severe high fever in children can cause irreparable damage to the neurodevelopment of children and affect the ability of language communication and autonomous action.Modern medicine mainly adopts physical cooling,antiviral,anti-infection andT other methods to treat the disease,but long-term application of the above methods will damage the neurodevelopment of children,affect the memory and learning ability of children,and the impact on intelligence may continue into adulthood,so its clinical application is limited.TCM medicine has rich clinical experience in treating high fever in children.Through sorting out the history books of LI’s TCM pediatrics in Fuzhou,this article mainly discusses the experience of LI’s TCM pediatrics academic school in Fuzhou in treating high fever.LI’s TCM pediatrics school in Fuzhou began at the end of the Qing Dynasty,and has been passed down to six generations for nearly a hundred years.It is the main component of TCM pediatrics in Fuzhou and one of the most important branches of pediatrics school in Fujian Province.LI’s TCM pediatrics school in Fuzhou combines acupuncture and medicine to treat diseases,inherits the essence and innovates to make up for the deficiency.Combined with modern technology and regional characteristics,Fuzhou LI’s pediatric academic school has condensed out unique clinical experience and diagnosis and treatment technology of high fever in children in the long-term struggle with high fever in children,that is,infection with external pathogenic factors is emphasized,dredging method is used to beat back pathogenic diseases,clearing method is applied to dredge,and purgation method is important.When treating high fever,paired medicines such as Jingjie(Herba Schizonepetae)-Bohe(Herba Menthae)-Douchi(Semen Sojae Praepatum),Huanglian(Rhizoma Coptidis)-Lianqiao(Fructus Forsythiae)-Zhizi(Fructus Gardeniae),and Dahuang(Radix et Rhizoma Rhei)-Shigao(Gypsum Fibrosum)-Gualou(Fructus Trichosanthis)are mainly used.The doctors of LI’s school pay special attention to both internal and external treatment,and are good at using the characteristic treatment method of flying needle for children,and the clinical effect is quite good,which lays a solid foundation for the accumulation,inheritance and development of the school,and also provides a certain reference for fellow colleagues.