基于数据挖掘探析《中华医典》中湿疹外治方用药规律

Medication Rules of External Use of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Eczema in Chinese Medical Code Based on Data Mining

目的:通过数据挖掘探索古代文献中湿疹外治方的用药规律,为临床外治湿疹的处方用药及新药的研发提供参考。方法:以《中华医典》为检索工具,检索汉至清朝时期以中药外用治疗湿疹的文献,对所得方药进行筛选并利用Excel建立数据库,进行频数分析、聚类分析和关联规则分析。结果:涉及书籍60部,筛选得到处方140首,涉及中药182味,分析使用频次≥7的中药26味,前3味为轻粉、黄柏、铅粉,以性寒、味辛为主,且多从大肠、脾、肝经论治,基于关联规则,得出核心药对轻粉和硫黄、白矾和雄黄、轻粉和铅丹等;聚类分析主要得出六类药物。结论:古籍中外治湿疹的方药多选用性寒、温,味辛、苦,归经为大肠、脾、肝经的中药,治疗上注重清热解毒、燥湿止痒、敛疮生肌。

Objective:To explore the rules of external treatment formulas of traditional Chinese medicine for eczema in ancient literature by data mining and to provide reference for the prescription of clinical external treatment of eczema and the development of new drugs.Methods:The Chinese Medical Canon was used as the retrieval tool to search the literature on the external treatment of traditional Chinese medicine for eczema from the Han to Qing Dynasty.The prescriptions were screened and the Excel database was established to conduct frequency analysis,cluster analysis and association rule analysis.Results:Involving 60 books,140 prescriptions were selected,involving 182 traditional Chinese medicines.Analysis of 26 traditional Chinese medicines with a usage frequency of≥7 was conducted.The first three medicines were Light powder,Yellow cypress,and Lead powder,with a cold nature and a spicy taste.Treatment was mainly based on the large intestine,spleen,and liver meridians.Based on association rules,core medicines were identified for Light Powder and Sulfur,Alum and Realgar,Light Powder and Lead;Cluster analysis mainly identifies six types of drugs.Conclusion:The traditional Chinese medicine for treating eczema in ancient literature mostly uses medicinal materials that are cold and warm in nature,spicy and bitter in taste and the meridians of large intestine,spleen and liver.The treatment focuses on clearing heat and detoxifying,drying dampness and relieving itching,collecting soils and regenerating muscles.