苏州市8~10岁儿童甲状腺容积及影响因素分析

Thyroid volume and its influencing factors of children aged 8-10 in Suzhou City

目的了解苏州市8~10岁儿童甲状腺大小,并探讨其影响因素。方法2019年5月至2020年7月,按照《江苏省碘缺乏病监测方案》要求,采用分层多阶段抽样方法,在苏州市所辖的10个县(市、区),按照东、西、南、北、中5个方位各抽取1所小学,每所小学抽取40名8~10岁儿童(年龄均衡、男女各半)进行甲状腺容积检查、身高和体重测量及问卷调查,同时采集儿童家中盐样和随机1次尿样检测碘含量,并探讨甲状腺容积的影响因素。结果共抽取2046名8~10岁儿童,其中男童1038名、女童1008名。儿童甲状腺容积为(3.183±1.042)ml,甲状腺肿大率为2.93%(60/2046)。单因素分析显示,不同年龄、身高、体重、身体质量指数(BMI),有无结节和不同饮食频次(食用固体零食、富碘食物、十字花科蔬菜、肉食不同频次)组,儿童甲状腺容积比较差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。相关性分析显示,儿童甲状腺容积与年龄、身高、体重、BMI、体表面积(BSA)、甲状腺结节、食用富碘食物和十字花科蔬菜均呈正相关(r=0.24、0.34、0.32、0.21、0.35、0.19、0.05、0.04,均P<0.05),与食用肉食呈负相关(r=-0.04,P=0.047)。多元线性回归分析显示,年龄、BSA、甲状腺结节、食用固体零食和十字花科蔬菜进入方程,标准化偏回归系数分别为0.11、0.30、0.16、0.05、0.05。结论苏州市8~10岁儿童甲状腺容积除年龄因素外,还受BSA、甲状腺结节、食用固体零食和十字花科蔬菜等因素影响。

Objective To investigate the size of thyroid of children aged 8-10 in Suzhou City and explore its influencing factors.Methods According to the requirements of the"Jiangsu Province Iodine Deficiency Disorders Monitoring Plan",a stratified multi-stage sampling method was conducted in 10 counties(cities,districts)under the jurisdiction of Suzhou City in five directions:east,west,south,north,and middle from May 2019 to July 2020.Forty children aged 8-10(age balanced,half male and half female)were selected from each primary school for thyroid volume examination,height and weight measurement,and questionnaire survey.At the same time,salt samples from children's homes and random urine samples were collected for iodine content testing,and explore the influencing factors of the thyroid volume.Results A total of 2046 children aged 8-10 were selected,including 1038 boys and 1008 girls.The thyroid volume of children was(3.183±1.042)ml,while the total goiter rate(TGR)was 2.93%(60/2046).Univariate analysis showed that there were statistically significant differences in thyroid volume among groups with different age,height,weight,body mass index(BMI),presence or absence of nodules,and different dietary frequencies(eating solid snacks,iodine-rich foods,cruciferous vegetables,and meat at different frequencies,P<0.05).Correlation analysis showed that thyroid volume was positively correlated with age,height,weight,BMI,body surface area(BSA),thyroid nodules,consumption of iodine-rich foods and cruciferous vegetables(r=0.24,0.34,0.32,0.21,0.35,0.19,0.05,0.04,P<0.05),while negatively correlated with consumption of meat(r=-0.04,P=0.047).Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that age,BSA,thyroid nodules,consumption of solid snacks and cruciferous vegetables entered the equation,with standardized partial regression coefficient values were 0.11,0.30,0.16,0.05,0.05,respectively.Conclusions The thyroid volume of children aged 8-10 in Suzhou City is not only influenced by age,but also by factors such as BSA,thyroid nodules,consumption of solid snacks,and cruciferous vegetables.