命门穴考

Textual research of Mingmen acupoint

“命门”是人体重要的生理部位,历代医家对于“命门”部位及功能的讨论颇多,而缺乏对“命门脏腑”及“命门穴位”的明确区分。笔者通过查阅、收集、整理与“命门穴”相关的古今文献,探究其命名、起源、部位及发展变化,融合各家学说,探求较为统一的观点。研究发现,“命门穴”的别名有“属累穴”“竹杖穴”“精宫穴”3种,“石门穴”(“利机”“精露”“丹田”)也被部分医家称作“命门穴”。命门穴的定位或为条状的腰脊部肾区部位,起点为脐在后背部的投射点,终点为十四椎之下,即现代解剖学第2腰椎棘突下。本研究扩大了命门穴的定位范围,可为该穴的深入研究提供重要参考,旨在指导临床。

‘Mingmen’is an important physiological part of the human body.There are many discussions on the parts and functions of‘Mingmen’by physicians in the past dynasties,but there is a lack of clear distinction between‘Mingmen Zang-fu’and‘Mingmen acupoint’.By consulting,collecting,and arranging ancient and modern documents related to‘Mingmen acupoint’,the anthors explored its name,origin,location,development,and changed,integrated various theoried,and seeked a more unified point of view.The study found that the aliases of‘Mingmen acupoint’include three types:‘Shulei point’,‘Zhuzhang point’and‘Jinggong point’.‘Shimen point’(‘Liji’‘Jinglu’‘Dantian’)are also called‘Mingmen acupoint’by some physicians.The location of‘Mingmen acupoint’may be a strip-shaped part of the kidney region of the lumbar spine.The starting point is the projection point of the umbilicus on the back of the back,and the end point is below the fourteen vertebrae,that is,below the spinous process of the second lumbar vertebra in modern anatomy.This study expanded the location range of‘Mingmen acupoint’,which can provide an important reference for the in-depth study of this acupoint,and aims to guide the clinic.