结构性团体心理-运动干预对农村独居老年人的影响

Effects of structured group-based psycho-exercise intervention on elderly people living alone in rural areas

目的探讨结构性团体心理-运动干预对农村独居老年人孤独感、老化态度及生活空间移动性的效果。方法采用抽签法将湖州市织里镇2个村随机分为2个组,在各村采用便利取样法招募独居老年人各32人,对照组接受乡镇卫生中心开展的常规健康管理,干预组在常规基础上进行每周1次,共12周的结构性团体心理-运动干预。采用多维孤独感量表、老化态度问卷、生活空间评估量表测评老年人的孤独感水平、老化态度及生活空间移动性。结果12周干预后,干预组老年人孤独感总分及其各维度得分显著低于本组干预前及对照组干预后,老化态度、生活空间移动性得分显著高于本组干预前及对照组干预后(均P<0.05)。结论结构性团体心理-运动干预能够有效缓解农村独居老年人孤独感和负性老化态度,提高老年人的生活空间移动性。

Objective To explore the effects of structured group-based psycho-exercise intervention on loneliness,aging attitudes,and mobility of elderly people living alone in rural areas.Methods Two villages in Zhili Town,Huzhou City were randomly divided into two groups by drawing lots,and 32 elderly people living alone were recruited in each village using the convenience sampling method.The control group received the routine health management carried out by the township health center,while the intervention group received structured group-based psycho-exercise intervention once a week on the basis of routine management,lasting for 12 weeks.The Multidimensional Loneliness Scale,the Aging Attitude Questionnaire and the Living Space Mobility Scale were used to evaluate the loneliness level,aging attitude and living space mobility of the elderly.Results After the 12-week intervention,the total score of loneliness and its dimension scores of the intervention group were significantly lower than those before the intervention,and the post-intervention scores in the control group,while the scores of aging attitude and living space mobility in the intervention group were significantly higher than those before the intervention,and the post-intervention scores in the control group(all P<0.05).Conclusion Structured group-based psycho-exercise intervention can effectively alleviate the loneliness and negative aging attitude,and improve the living space mobility of the elderly living alone in rural areas.