地下拱结构抗爆研究进展与展望

Research Progress and Prospects on Anti-explosion of Underground Arch Structures

防护工程在战时能有效抵御打击并保存有生力量,历来是国家防御和威慑力量的重要组成部分。与地上防护工程相比,构筑在岩土介质中的地下防护工程具有更强的防护能力。然而,随着科学技术的发展,高技术武器和精确制导武器的命中精度、侵彻深度和毁伤能力不断增强,对地下防护工程构成严重威胁。拱结构具有优异的力学性能,在地下防护工程中应用十分广泛,研究地下拱结构的抗爆性能对地下防护工程建设与发展具有重要意义。地下拱结构的抗爆问题涉及岩土介质中的爆炸冲击效应、岩土介质与拱结构的相互作用以及拱结构的动力响应与破坏机理等复杂的研究内容。国内外学者通过试验、数值仿真和理论分析等方法对爆炸荷载作用下地下拱结构的动力响应开展了较为系统的研究,取得了丰富的科研成果。从地下拱结构抗爆试验、数值模拟研究以及抗爆动力学理论三个方面讨论了地下拱结构抗爆研究进展,结合研究现状,指出未来应结合地下防护工程向深埋地、大跨度发展的趋势,加强地下拱结构原型和大比例模型结构抗爆试验、精细化数值模拟分析以及兼顾精度与实用的计算方法研究。

Protective engineering has always been an important component of national defense and de-terrence,as it can effectively withstand attacks and preserve vital resources during wartime.Com-pared to above-ground structures,underground protective engineering built in geotechnical media of-fers superior protection.However,with the development of science and technology,the hit accuracy,penetration depth,and destructive power of high-tech and precision-guided weapons have continuous-ly increased.These enhanced weapons pose a serious threat to underground protective engineering.Arch structures are widely employed in underground protective engineering due to their excellent me-chanical performance.Consequently,it is of great significance to study the blast resistance of under-ground arch structures for the construction and development of underground protective engineering.The issues of anti-explosion in underground arch structures involve complex research contents such as the explosive impact effect in geological medium,the interaction between geological medium and arch structures,as well as the dynamic response and failure mechanisms of arch structures.Through experi-ments,numerical simulations,and theoretical analysis,scholars worldwide have conducted systemat-ic investigations into the dynamic response of underground arch structures under explosions.A wealth of research achievements have been obtained in this field.This paper discusses the research progress of underground arch structures subjected to explosions from the aspects of explosion experiments,nu-merical simulation studies,and dynamic theory.Considering the current research status,it is pointed out that the explosion tests of prototypes and large-scale model structures,refined numerical simula-tion analysis,and calculation methods with accuracy and practicality should be strengthened.These further studies need to be combined with the development trend of underground protective engineering towards deep burial and large span.