光泵磁力计-脑磁图的应用研究进展

Progress in Application of Optically Pumped Magnetometers Magnetoencephalography

脑磁图作为一种无创获取大脑信号的新技术,可精准反映大脑的神经活动,但传统脑磁图设备的低温超导环境与高运维成本限制了这一技术的发展。光泵磁力计作为一种新型的磁场强度检测装置,具有造价成本低、信噪比高、无需低温液氦冷却等诸多优势,有望助推脑磁图技术广泛应用。在陈述脑磁图概念的基础上,从技术角度说明光泵磁力计-脑磁图系统的实现原理,梳理该系统存在的命名问题,并从神经语音解码、脑磁源重建、功能神经成像、脑机接口和临床辅助等方面综述了该系统的应用研究进展,总结该新型脑磁图系统独特优势,并展望这种技术的未来潜在应用,最后分析了目前此类研究中可能存在的问题。

Magnetoencephalography(MEG),as a new technology for non-invasive acquisition of brain signals,can accurately reflect the neural activity of the brain,however,traditional MEG equipment requires lowtemperature superconducting environment and high operation and maintenance costs,which limit the development of this technology.Optically pumped magnetometer is a new type of magnetic field strength detection device that has many advantages including relatively low cost,high signal-to-noise ratio,no need for cryogenic liquid helium cooling,and are expected to promote MEG technology to wider applications.Based on the concept of MEG,this paper introduced the implementation principle of the optical-pump magnetometermagnetic encephalography system from a technical point of view,clarifies the naming confusions that are existing in the system,and summarized the application and research progress of the system from several aspects including neural speech decoding,MEG source reconstruction,functional neuroimaging,brain-computer interface,and clinical assistance,meanwhile,summarized the unique advantages of the new MEG system.The potential application of this technology in the future was prospected,and the possible problems in the current research were analyzed and discussed.