从《文苑英华》看孟浩然在宋初的接受

Acceptance of Meng Haoran's Poems in the Early Song Dynasty from Wenyuan Yinghua

在“选本”视域观照下,“唐人选唐诗”十三种选本选录孟浩然诗的具体情况可大体窥见孟诗在唐代的接受面貌。时移世易,孟诗在唐代的接受与其在宋初也有着较大差异。《文苑英华》作为北宋初期的重要官修文学类书籍,可以将其视为孟诗在宋初接受情况的重要依据。《文苑英华》选录孟浩然诗歌共95首,约占其诗歌总量的36%,在盛唐诗人中排名第五。被选录的诗歌出现了几个明显特点:其一,只选孟浩然山水诗而不取其田园诗;其二,选诗题材多集中在与友人间的次韵唱酬及送行留别;其三,选录诗歌中多有释、道二家思想方面的内容。这显示出宋初馆阁文臣在统治阶级意志裹挟、白体诗风笼罩以及自身审美倾向影响下对孟浩然诗的接受情况。由此看到,宋初馆阁文人强化诗歌风雅传统、关注个人倾向日常生活以及追求以佛道思想观照内心的诗学意识。

Acceptance of Meng Haoran's poems in the Tang Dynasty is quite different from that in the early Song Dynasty.As an important official literature book in the early Northern Song Dynasty,Wenyuan Yinghua can be regarded as an important basis for the acceptance of Meng Haoran's poems.Wenyuan Yinghua selected 95 poems of Meng Haoran,accounting for about 36%of Meng Haoran's poems.It ranks the fifth among the poets of the flouring Tang Dynasty.These selected poems have several obvious characteristics:first,they only choose Meng Haoran's landscape poems instead of his idyllic poems;second,the theme mainly focuses on the second rhyme singing and farewell between friends;third,there are two thoughts of Buddhism and Taoism,which shows the acceptance affected by the will of the ruling class,the white style of poetry and poets'own aesthetic tendency in the early Song Dynasty.We can see that literati of the early Song Dynasty strengthened the tradition of elegance in poetry,paid attention to the personal tendency of daily life and resorted to Buddhism and Taoism thought to express his mind.