车用CFRP层压圆柱壳冲击损伤分析及最小穿透能量预测

Impact damage analysis and minimum penetration energy prediction of CFRP laminated cylindrical shell for automotive applications

为了探究碳纤维增强复合材料(CFRP)在汽车曲面零部件上的应用前景,该文以碳纤维增强复合材料(CFRP)层压圆柱壳作为对象,研究其在落锤冲击工况下的损伤与吸能特性。基于复合材料均质化方法,建立CFRP层压圆柱壳落锤冲击的多尺度模型,探究曲率半径对冲击损伤和能量吸收的影响;并采用非线性拟合方法建立了最小穿透能量与层压圆柱壳材料参数、结构参数及落锤参数之间的函数关系,实现概念设计阶段最小穿透能量的快速预测,对比仿真结果拟合公式的误差在20%以内。结果表明:相较于平板,层压圆柱壳的峰值载荷宽度更大、更平稳。在60 J冲击作用下,层压圆柱壳各铺层损伤面积相对均匀,其中纤维损伤与曲率半径无关,基体损伤面积随曲率半径增大而增大;当曲率半径为100 mm时,层压壳承载及抵抗变形能力较好,具有较好的抗冲击性;当曲率半径为200 mm时,层压壳耗散能量最多,吸能效果较好。

The damage and energy absorption characteristics of carbon fiber reinforced polymer(CFRP)laminated cylindrical shells under the condition of drop hammer impact were studied to explore the application prospect of CFRP in automotive curved parts.Based on the homogenization method of composite materials,a multi-scale model of CFRP laminated cylindrical shells was established to investigate the effect of radius of curvature on the impact damage and energy absorption of CFRP laminated cylindrical shells under the penetration condition.The functional relationship between the minimum penetration energy and the material parameters of the laminated cylindrical shell,structural parameters and drop hammer parameters was established with the nonlinear fitting method,so as to realize the rapid prediction of the minimum penetration energy at the conceptual design stage.Compared with the simulation results,the error of the fitting formula is less than 20%.The results show that the peak load width of laminated cylindrical shell is larger and more stable than that of flat plate.Under the impact of 60 J,the damage area of each layer of the laminated cylindrical shell is relatively uniform,and the damage area of the fiber is independent of the curvature radius,and the damage area of the matrix increases with the curvature radius.When the radius of curvature is 100 mm,the laminated shell has good bearing capacity and deformation resistance,and has good impact resistance.When the curvature radius is 200 mm,the laminated shell dissipates the most energy,and the energy absorption effect is better.