生物炭改性及其对除草剂污染水体和土壤修复的研究进展

Research progress on the biochar modification and its remediation of herbicide-contaminated water and soil

除草剂已被大量使用于现代农业生产,而长期使用除草剂可能造成其在土壤中大量残留,或通过降水、淋溶和径流污染水体,因此引发环境污染问题和食品安全问题。生物炭作为一种绿色、高效的吸附剂已被广泛用于修复有机物污染水体和土壤。本文介绍了酸碱、有机物和金属盐浸渍改性,纳米零价铁和微生物负载改性等生物炭改性方法;综述了改性生物炭在除草剂污染修复中的应用情况,对比分析了生物炭改性前后的修复效果;探讨了改性生物炭自身特性、环境条件对改性生物炭修复除草剂污染的影响及机制。未来仍需对改性生物炭在除草剂污染修复过程中的稳定性、长效性和安全性等方面开展研究。

Herbicides have been used extensively in modern agricultural production,but the long-term application of herbicides has resulted in a large amount of residues in the soil,which pollutes water through precipitation,leaching and runoff,thus causing environmental pollution and food safety issues.Biochar,as a kind of green and efficient adsorbent,has been widely used for the remediation of organicpolluted water and soil.This review summarized the modification methods of biochar,such as acid-base,organic matter,and metal salt dipping,nano zero-valent iron and microbial load modification.The application of modified biochar in the remediation of herbicide pollution was introduced,and the remediation effects of pristine and modified biochar were compared and analyzed.The effects of modified biochar characteristics and environmental conditions on the remediation of herbicide pollution and their mechanism were discussed.In the future,the stability,long-term performance,and safety of modified biochar in the remediation process of herbicide pollution still need to be explored.