低强度超声波对高负荷厌氧氨氧化EGSB反应器运行性能的影响

Effect of low intensity ultrasound on operation performance of high load Anammox-EGSB reactor

研究了低强度超声波对厌氧氨氧化EGSB反应器处理无机高氨氮废水的影响,考察了超声波处理对反应器脱氮性能、厌氧氨氧化颗粒污泥特征、胞外聚合物以及微生物菌群的变化情况。结果表明,低强度超声波可提高厌氧氨氧化反应器脱氮效能,在进水氮负荷为6.03kg N/(m^(3)·d)时,总氮去除率提高了11.40%,抵抗氮负荷冲击能力也得到了增强。周期性超声波辐照后,颗粒污泥粒径维持在1.0~1.5mm,有利于改善传质效率,提升厌氧氨氧化颗粒污泥活性和减少颗粒漂浮。污泥EPS总量有显著增加,其中紧密结合型胞外聚合物(TB-EPS)增加较为明显,有助于维持颗粒污泥的结构稳定性。污泥表面官能团种类不变,但羟基、羧基、氨基等基团有所增多。颗粒污泥的比厌氧氨氧化活性提高了33.2%,通过简化的Gompertz方程模型发现超声组的厌氧氨氧化菌生长速率(0.0127d^(-1))高于对照组(0.0107d^(-1))。高通量测序显示,超声波促进了厌氧氨氧化菌及其共生菌,其中Candidatus Brocadia提升了22.03%。同时严重抑制了部分反硝化细菌,使厌氧氨氧化菌的底物和生存空间更加充足。

The effect of low intensity ultrasound on the treatment of high-ammonia-nitrogen wastewater by Anammox-EGSB reactor was studied.The effects of ultrasound treatment on the nitrogen removal performance of the reactor,characteristics of Anammox granular sludge,extracellular polymer and microbial flora were investigated.The results showed that low intensity ultrasound could improve the nitrogen removal efficiency of Anammox reactor,and the nitrogen load of influent was 6.03kg N/(m³·d),the total nitrogen removal rate of ultrasonic group was increased by 11.40%,and the impact resistance of nitrogen load was also enhanced.After periodic ultrasonic irradiation,the particle size of granular sludge was maintained at 1.0—1.5mm,which was beneficial to improve mass transfer efficiency,enhance the activity of Anammox granular sludge and reduce particle floating.The total amount of EPS of sludge in ultrasonic group increased significantly,and the increase of TB-EPS was more obvious,which was helpful to maintain the structural stability of granular sludge.The types of functional groups on the sludge surface remained unchanged,but the groups such as hydroxyl,carboxyl,and amino groups increased.The specific Anammox activity of granular sludge increased by 33.2%.Through the simplified Gompertz equation model,it was found that the growth rate of Anammox bacteria in the ultrasonic group(0.0127d^(-1))was higher than that in the control group(0.0107d^(-1)).High-throughput sequencing showed that ultrasound promoted Anammox bacteria and their symbiotic bacteria,among which Candidatus Brocadia increased by 22.03%.At the same time,some denitrifying bacteria were seriously inhibited,so that the substrate and living space of Anammox bacteria were more sufficient.