人工智能背景下家政服务业发展调查研究

Investigation and Research on the Development of Home Service Industry under the Background of Artificial Intelligence

家政服务业作为新兴产业,对促进就业、精准脱贫、保障民生具有重要作用。从家政服务业务需求、人工智能家政服务设备及两者的相互关系出发,立足北京家政服务业发展情况展开调研,结果显示:北京地区对家政服务业务需求旺盛,以家庭清洁服务为主,其次为陪伴照顾老人,洗衣、烹饪等家务劳动,照顾婴幼儿;对从业人员提出了更高的学历、年龄要求;从业人员希望家政服务业更规范性发展,使从业人员得到更好的法律保护;家政市场仍以女性雇员为主要需求;目前人工智能家政服务设备发展迅速,代替了部分从业人员的工作,但仍有较大发展空间;家政从业人员和人工智能家政服务设备相互补充,共同为家政服务业贡献力量。该调查研究可供专业院校在人才培养、专业发展等方面给予学生更多的指导与建议;同时可供培训机构有针对性地开展培训工作,亦可为行业管理部门制定政策提供参考。

As an emerging industry,the home service industry plays an important role in promoting employment,targeted poverty alleviation,and ensuring people's livelihood.Starting from the needs of domestic service business,artificial intelligence home service equipment and the relationship between the two,based on the development of home service industry in Beijing,the research results show that there is a strong demand for home service business in Beijing,mainly for household cleaning services,followed by accompanying and caring for the elderly,laundry,cooking and other housework,and taking care of infants and young children.Put forward higher education and age requirements for employees;employees hope that the home service industry will develop more normatively to get better legal protection.The domestic service market is still dominated by female employees.At present,the rapid development of artificial intelligence home service equipment has replaced the work of some practitioners,but there is still a large space for development;home service staff and artificial intelligence home service equipment complement each other and jointly contribute to the home service industry.The investigation and research can provide more guidance and suggestions to students in the aspects of talent training and professional development.At the same time,it can be used for training institutions to carry out training work in a targeted way,and can also provide reference for industry management departments to formulate policies.