甘青青兰根际土壤理化性质及微生物群落结构特征分析

Physiochemical Properties and Microbial Community Structure in Rhizosphere Soil of Dracocephalum tanguticum

为研究甘青青兰根际土壤理化性质与根际土壤细菌和真菌群落结构组成特征,以西藏自治区工布江达县(GB)、卡诺区(KR)和洛隆县(LL)的甘青青兰根际土壤微生物为研究对象,采用IlluminaMiSeq高通量测序技术对根际土壤细菌和真菌群落结构组成进行分析,同时测定根际土壤的理化性质,并与根际土壤核心微生物菌群进行相关性分析。结果表明,不同地区甘青青兰根际土壤理化性质差异显著。甘青青兰根际土壤共获得3900个细菌OTUs和1990个真菌OTUs,不同地区间土壤微生物多样性存在明显差异。在门水平,GB、KR和LL样品的优势细菌门均为放线菌门(Actinobacteria),GB样品的优势真菌门是担子菌门(Basidiomycota),KR和LL样品的优势真菌门是子囊菌门(Ascomycota);在属水平,不同地区甘青青兰根际土壤优势微生物菌群存在明显差异。主成分分析显示,不同地区甘青青兰根际土壤细菌和真菌群落结构组成差异较大。核心微生物菌群分析表明,甘青青兰根际土壤核心细菌菌群有257个属;核心真菌菌群有102个属。相关性分析表明,核心微生物菌群的改变与根际土壤理化因子间存在不同程度的相关性,且土壤全钾、全磷、全氮、速效钾和速效氮含量是影响甘青青兰根际土壤微生物群落结构组成的重要因子。综上所述,不同地区甘青青兰根际土壤微生物群落结构组成存在显著差异,且根际土壤微生物群落结构的变化与土壤理化因子密切相关,为甘青青兰人工种植及筛选有益微生物菌群提供了理论依据。

In order to study the physiochemical properties and microbial community structure in rhizosphere soil of Dracocephalum tanguticum,the microbial communities in rhizosphere soil from Gongbujiangda(GB),Kanuo(KR)and Luolong(LL)in Tibet were as materials.The microbial community in rhizosphere soil of D.tanguticum was analyzed by illumine high-throughput sequencing,and the physiochemical properties were determined and their correlation with core microbial communities were studied.The results showed that there were significant differences among different regions in the physiochemical properties.A total of 3900 bacterial OTUs and 1990 fungal OTUs were obtained in rhizosphere soil of D.tanguticum from 3 regions.The microbial diversity index in the rhizosphere soil of D.tanguticum grown in different regions was significant difference.Actinobacteria was the dominant bacterial phyla in all samples of D.tanguticum.Basidiomycota was the dominant fungal phyla in GB sample,Ascomycota was the dominant fungal phyla in KR and LL samples.The dominant genus was difference among different samples.Principal component analysis showed that the compositions of bacterial and fungal community were different among different samples.The analysis of core microbial communities showed that there were 257 core bacterial genera and 102 fungal genera.The correlation analysis showed that the changes of microbial community in rhizosphere soil were correlated with the physiochemical properties,and the contents of total potassium,available potassium,total phosphorus,total nitrogen and available nitrogen were the key determinants affecting the composition of microbial community in rhizosphere soil of D.tanguticum.Overall,the microbial community structure in rhizosphere soil of D.tanguticum grown in the different regions were significant differences,and the microbial community structure of rhizosphere soil was strongly linked to the physiochemical properties of rhizosphere soil.Above results provided theoretical bases for artificial cultivation and screening beneficial microorganisms of D.tanguticum.