卫生技术评估中公平性的评价与思考

Evaluation and Consideration on Equity in Health Technology Assessment

卫生技术评估(Health technology assessment,HTA)是辅助卫生决策的重要工具,尽管HTA评价内容中与伦理问题高度相关的公平性备受学界关注,但国内外尚未形成对公平性的定义和评价的共识。基于此,文章从公平性的含义出发,指出实现健康公平的必要条件以及公平性在医疗卫生领域中的体现形式,阐述公平性的4种思考方式,梳理国内外HTA场景中关于公平性的官方实践,建议国内HTA应将公平性纳入其中,且考量公平性时应根据决策场景有所侧重;在测量健康公平之前应明确采用何种健康衡量角度;关注不同决策主体对于公平性的价值判断;在未来开展我国一般人群对于健康衡量角度偏好和公平价值判断的基础研究,以推进HTA中关于公平性的评价体系构建。

Health technology assessment(HTA) is an important tool to inform health decision-making. Although highly related to ethical issues in the context of HTA,equity has attracted much attention from the academia,a consensus has not yet been reached on how to define and evaluate equity in China and abroad. It introduces the concept of equity, pointes out the necessity to realize health equity and the reflection of equity in healthcare sector,and further elaborates four ways to consider equity,and described the official practice of equity in HTA at home and abroad. It proposes several suggestions for China's HTA: considering equity in HTA and the discussion of equity should depend on specific decision-making scenarios;clarifying what health measurement perspective should be adopted before measuring health equity;paying attention to the value judgment of equity adopted by various stakeholders;conducting basic researches on the general population's preference for health measurement perspectives and value judgments of equity in China in a gesture to improve the evaluation system of equity in HTA.