公立医院院长专业背景对医院经济运行的影响研究

Study on the Impacts of the Professional Background of the Director of Public Hospital on the Economic Operation of Hospital

目的:分析公立医院院长专业背景对医院经济运行的影响并进行解释,为培养复合型医院管理人才和完善院长管理相关制度提供研究支持。方法:利用2005—2018年广东省公立医院院长个体和医院经济运行绩效数据,采用固定效应模型进行定量分析。结果:与非临床医学专业背景的院长所在医院相比,临床医学专业背景的院长所在医院的医疗收入、住院人次、医疗业务支出较低,病床周转率较高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);与未曾获得管理学相关学位且未参与管理培训的院长所在医院相比,获得管理学相关学位或参与管理培训的院长所在医院的资产负债率、管理费用较低,流动比率较高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:对于临床工作关联紧密的经济运行指标,临床医学专业背景的院长因其临床一线学习和工作的经历优势,影响更显著;对于资产管理、行政和后勤管理工作关联紧密的经济运行指标,拥有管理学学习经历的院长在应用先进管理理念、方法、工具方面的优势更能得到显露和发挥,影响更显著。

Objective:To analyze and explain the influences of the professional background of the directors of public hospitals on the economic operation of the hospital, and to provide research support for training compound hospital management talents and improving the relevant policies of public hospital director management.Methods:The fixed effect model was used to conduct a quantitative analysis based on the data of individual directors and hospital economic performance of public hospitals in Guangdong from 2005 to 2018.Results:Compared with hospitals whose directors without clinical medical backgrounds, the medical income, the number of admissions and medical expenditure of the hospitals whose directors with clinical medical backgrounds were lower, and turnover of bed rate was higher, the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05). Compared with hospitals where the directors had not obtained a degree related to management and did not participate in management training, the asset-liability ratio and management cost of the hospital where the directors had obtained a degree or participated in the training were lower, and the liquidity ratio was higher, with statistical significance(P<0.05).Conclusion:For the economic operation indicators closely related to clinical work, directors with clinical medical background have a more significant impact because of their advantages in clinical front-line learning and work experience. For the economic operation indicators closely related to asset management, administration and cost management, directors with management learning experience can better reveal and exert their advantages in applying advanced management concepts, methods and tools, and have a more significant impact.