近红外二区激活型小分子荧光探针研究进展

Research Progress in Activatable NIR-Ⅱ Small Molecule Fluorescent Probes

近红外二区(NIR-Ⅱ)荧光成像具有优良的组织穿透深度和空间分辨率,广泛应用于生物医学领域。与传统的常亮型荧光探针相比,激活型探针只有当特定的生物标志物存在情况下才会发生荧光信号变化,因此具有更高的信背比,会进一步提高区分病变与正常组织的准确度和可靠性。基于此,本文按照生物疾病模型进行分类,系统总结了近5年报道的近红外二区激活型小分子探针的结构、响应机理以及活体应用,并对目前激活型小分子探针面临的问题及发展方向进行简要介绍。

Fluorescence imaging in the second near-infrared region(NIR-Ⅱ?)has been widely used in biomedical due to its deep tissue penetration and high spatial resolution.Compared with the“always on”fluorescent probes,the activatable probes that change fluorescence signals only in the presence of specific biomarkers have higher signal-to-background ratio,resulting in better accuracy and reliability of detection.In this review,from the classification of disease models,we introduce the recent NIR-Ⅱactivatable probes.Moreover,the limitation and perspectives of NIR-Ⅱactivatable probes are briefly discussed as well.