基于外表面修饰的固态纳米通道用于生物标志物分析的研究进展

Development in Probes on Outer Surface of Nanochannels for Detecting Biomarkers

生物标志物,如离子、小分子、蛋白质、多糖、核酸和细胞,参与生物体的构建,在生命过程中发挥重要作用。准确检测这些生物标志物对于疾病研究、早期诊断、药物评估和人类健康监测具有重要意义。外表面功能化固态纳米通道在纳米通道的外表面进行修饰,消除了对靶标分子的限制,通过基于离子信号的变化,提升了检测的速度和灵敏度。本文从外表面修饰的固态纳米通道在生物标志物检测方面进行综述,简要介绍了固态纳米通道外表面功能化的方法,重点总结了外表面修饰的固态纳米通道在生物标志物分析上的研究进展,简要展望外表面修饰的固态纳米通道所面临的挑战与发展机遇。

Biomarkers,such as ions,small molecules,proteins,polysaccharides,nucleic acids,and cells,are involved in the building of organisms and play an important role in the life process.Accurate detection of these biomarkers is of great significance for disease research,early diagnosis,drug evaluation,and human health monitoring.The solid-state nanochannel is modified by functionalizing the outer surface of the nanochannel,which eliminates the restriction on the target molecule and greatly improves the speed and sensitivity of detection by means of a change based on the ion signal.This paper reviews the detection principle of solid-state nanochannels with modified outer surface in biomarkers,summarizes the research progress of solid-state nanochannels modified on outer surfaces in biomarker analysis,and briefly looks forward to the challenges and development opportunities of solid-state nanochannels modified on outer surfaces.