“严谨反应”还是“严紧反应”?

Appropriate Chinese translation of“stringent response”

“Stringent response”是指细菌在遭受营养饥饿与环境胁迫时,由代谢酶RelA/SpoT催化合成信号分子鸟苷四/五磷酸[(p)ppGpp],从而诱导细菌细胞关闭rRNA、tRNA及核糖体蛋白基因转录,停止多种蛋白质的翻译,严控大部分代谢活动的一系列适应性基因表达过程。“Stringent response”几乎是所有细菌应对逆境的重要调节机制。目前,国内文献对“stringent response”的中文翻译存在“严谨反应”和“严紧反应”混用的现象。基于此,本文对“stringent response”的调控机制、生理功能及字面含义进行了分析,认为“stringent response”翻译为“严紧反应”更为合理、准确。

The stringent response refers to a process in which bacteria respond to nutrient deprivation and environmental stress by synthesizing the alarmones guanosine tetra-and penta-phosphate(collective referred to as(p)ppGpp)under the catalysis of the RelA/SpoT enzyme,which induces the shut-down of the transcription of rRNAs,tRNA,and ribosomal protein genes,thereby halting the translation of proteins and tightly controlling most metabolic activities.Stringent response is a key mechanism employed by the majority of bacteria to cope with adversity.The Chinese publications have inconsistent translations of“stringent response”.In view of this problem,we analyzed and discussed the regulatory mechanism,physiological function,and literal meaning of stringent response,and determined a more reasonable and accurate Chinese translation of this term.