陕西宝鸡发现喜山鼠耳蝠

Myotis muricola moupinensis Found in Baoji,Shaanxi Province

2011年4和8月及2014年4月在陕西省宝鸡市太白县分别采集到2只、1只和1只共4只蝙蝠个体,标本保存于陕西省动物研究所标本馆(标本编号为TB0001、TB0002、TB0017和TB0042)。其主要形态特征为:体型小,头体长34.59~43.86 mm(n=4);耳较小,黑色;耳前缘近凸圆,耳后缘在基部有一浅的缺刻;耳屏细长,约为耳长的一半;后足不及胫长的一半;背部毛基黑色,毛尖为赤褐色;腹部毛基为黑色,毛尖为灰褐色;翼膜起始于后足外趾的基部。以上特征均与喜山鼠耳蝠moupinensis亚种(Myotis muricola moupinensis)相符。结合线粒体Cyt b基因序列,构建其系统发生关系,与基因库中宽吻蝠属未定种(Submyotodon sp.)序列聚为较高支持度的一支。综合形态与系统发育证据,参考目前最新的中国兽类物种分类和分布信息,将采集到的标本初步鉴定为喜山鼠耳蝠moupinensis亚种,此次发现是陕西省境内该物种的首次记录,拓展了对其在我国分布范围的认识。

Four specimens belonging to the subfamily Myotinae were collected from two dwellings(33°43′41″N,107°25′13″E,1030 m;33°43′04″N,107°23′59″E,1007 m)in Qinling Mountain,Taibai County,Baoji City,Shaanxi Province in 2011 and 2014,which were preliminarily identified as Myotis muricola moupinensis,and are kept in the Shaanxi Institute of Zoology.In this study,the morphological characteristics of the collected specimens were compared and analyzed with reported data of M.muricola,and we identify their species based on the phylogeny of mitochondrial cytochrome b gene sequence,combined with the homologous sequences of 25 bat species obtained from the NCBI database(Table 1).The morphological characteristics are consistent with the original description of M.m.moupinensis by Milne-Edwards(1868-1874)and the redescription by Allen(1938).All specimens are small-sized(length of head and body between 34.59 mm and 43.86 mm,n=4).The ears are small and black;the anterior edge of the ear is nearly convex,and the posterior edge of the ear has a shallow notch under the apex.The tragus is slender,about half the length of the ear.The feet are small,less than half the length of the tibiae.The hairs on the dorsal surface have dark brown bases and the tips are flecked with russet brown.The ventral hairs have black bases and ochraceous brown tips.The wing membranes are attached to the distal end of the outer metatarsal of the feet.All morphological measurements were in accord with those from M.m.moupinensis.In addition,based on the mtDNA Cyt b gene of 26 bat species,these individuals clustered with Submyotodon sp.and combined into a monophyletic clade in the phylogenetic tree,with a closer genetic distance to S.sp.than to any other species(Fig.3).The minimum genetic distance was 0.7%between the collected samples and S.sp.,the genetic distance between the collected samples and S.caliginosus is 9.5%,and the maximum genetic distance between the collected samples and M.cf.browni is 21.7%(Appendix 1).In summary,based on the morphological and phylogenetic evidence and the latest information on the classification and distribution of mammal species in China,the species collected in Qinlin Mountian in Shaanxi Province are preliminarily identified to be M.muricola moupinensis,which is the new record of Shaanxi Province.