润滑油发动机试验中部件评分项目与方法研究

Research on Parts Rating Items and Methods in Engine Test for Lubricants

用于润滑油评价的发动机试验结束后,拆解发动机并对核心部件进行评分的方法,已在润滑油性能评价中得到广泛应用。由于部件评分具有主观性,故需要通过标准方法规范部件评价项目与评分计算方法,实现主观评分的客观化,从而保证部分评分的一致性。通过部件评分结合客观的部件测量以及油样理化测试分析,可以更全面的反映发动机状态及润滑油性能水平。文章回顾了国内外润滑油发动机试验中部件评分方法、分类和项目,重点介绍了活塞沉积物评分和油泥评分,分析了汽油机油和柴油机油产品规格中的部件评分考核项目的质量指标,为我国自主润滑油标准体系的发动机台架测试提供参考。

After the engine test for lubricant evaluation,the practice of dismantling and rating core engine parts has been widely applied in lubricant performance evaluation methods.Due to the subjectivity of parts rating,it is necessary to standardize the evaluation items and rating calculation methods through standard methods to achieve objectivity in subjective rating,thus ensuring the consistency of parts rating.By combining parts rating with objective parts measurements and physical and chemical tests of oil samples,it can more compre-hensively reflect the engine's condition and the level of lubricating oil performance.The paper reviews the methods,classifications,and items of parts rating in lubricating oil engine tests at home and abroad,with a focus on piston deposit rating and sludge rating.It analyzes the quality indicators of parts rating evaluation items in gasoline engine oil and diesel engine oil product specifications,providing refer-ence for the engine test on the independent lubricating oil standard system in China.