湖南毛里湖国家湿地公园的鱼类资源现状

Status of Fish Resources in Hunan Maoli Lake National Wetland Park

为了了解湖南毛里湖国家湿地公园中的鱼类资源现状,2017年4月至2020年12月期间,对湖南毛里湖国家湿地公园中的鱼类资源进行了调查和采样,研究了该湿地公园中鱼类群落的物种组成、优势物种和生态类型,分析了该湿地公园中鱼类群落的多样性。研究结果表明,调查期间,在湖南毛里湖国家湿地公园中,记录了9目14科41属53种鱼类,以鲤科(Cyprinidae)物种为主,其物种数量(31种)占该湿地公园中鱼类总物种数量的58.49%;鱼类群落的优势物种为鳙(Aristichthys nobilis)、草鱼(Ctenopharyngodon idellus)、鲢(Hypophthalmichthys molitrix)、䱗(Hemiculter leucisculus)和鲫(Carassius auratus),常见物种为鲤(Cyprinus carpio)、青鱼(Mylopharyngodon piceus)、银鮈(Squalidus argentatus)、黄颡鱼(Pseudobagrus fulvidraco)和达氏鲌(Culter dabryi);53种鱼类的生态类型以湖泊定居性类群的物种为主,物种的食性和栖息水层具有多样化特征。湖南毛里湖国家湿地公园中的鱼类物种丰富,指示该湿地公园的水环境质量良好。

To evaluate the status of fish resources in Hunan Maoli Lake National Wetland Park,the composition,ecological type,dominant species,and diversity of fish in the park were analyzed by field surveys from April 2017 to December 2020.A total of 53 species were recorded,containing 9 orders,14 families and 41 genera.The dominant family was Cyprinidae,which included 31 species,accounting for 58.49%at the species level.The dominant species were Aristichthys nobilis,Ctenopharyngodon idellus,Hypophthalmichthys molitrix,Hemiculter leucisculus and Carassius auratus.The common species were Cyprinus carpio,Mylopharyngodon piceus,Squalidus argentatus,Pseudobagrus fulvidraco,Culter dabryi,Rhinogobius giurinus,Culter alburnus,Culter mongolicus mongolicus and Megalobrama amblycephala.The dominant ecological type of the fish community was sedentary.The feeding and perching habits of fish showed highly diverse.In conclusion,the fish resources in Hunan Maoli Lake National Wetland Park were rich and diverse,indicating a good ecological environment.