种植固定修复后食物嵌塞的发生原因及防治

Causes and prevention of food impaction after fixed implant supported restoration

食物嵌塞是一种常见的种植固定修复后并发症,发生率高,危害大。目前临床上最常用的分类方式是将其分为垂直型、水平型和混合型3种。种植体周软硬组织、种植体及其上部修复体、邻牙、对颌牙、咬合、牙齿排列以及患者个人习惯等诸多因素都会引起或加重食物嵌塞的发生。临床尚无简单有效的治疗手段,应以预防为主,在明确成因后综合运用修复、牙周、正畸等多学科手段解决。

Food impaction is a common complication of fixed implant supported restoration with high prevalence and severe threat to oral health.It is classified into three subtypes:vertical,horizontal and mixed type,which is the most commonly used classification clinically.Many factors are related to food impaction,such as,hard and soft tissue around implant,implant and its superior prosthesis,adjacent tooth,opposite jaw tooth,occlusion,teeth alignment and personal habit.There is no simple and effective therapeutic method clinically.Prevention should be the first choice,and a multidisciplinary approaches of restoration,periodontology and orthodontics can be applied following confirmed diagnosis.