甘薯萌芽性与贮藏期块根内源激素变化及淀粉代谢的关系

Endogenous Hormone Content and Starch Metabolism of Storage Roots During Storage and Its Relationship with Germination in Sweet Potato

以萌芽性差异显著的5个甘薯品种济徐23、烟薯25、红香蕉、泰中6号和心香为试验材料,在贮藏期间定期取样分析块根中内源激素变化及碳水化合物代谢,贮藏结束后在小拱棚内排种育苗,调查出苗情况。结果表明:济徐23、烟薯25和红香蕉萌芽较早,采苗数量显著多于泰中6号和心香。贮藏结束、排种前,济徐23、烟薯25和红香蕉块根中的淀粉含量和支链淀粉含量显著高于泰中6号和心香,济徐23、烟薯25和红香蕉淀粉含量和支链淀粉含量较高主要是由于贮藏期间块根淀粉和支链淀粉含量降低幅度较小所致。济徐23、烟薯25和红香蕉块根中总淀粉酶和α-淀粉酶活性显著高于泰中6号和心香,济徐23、烟薯25和红香蕉块根中α-淀粉酶活性较高主要是由于贮藏期间增加幅度较大所致。贮藏结束、排种前,与泰中6号和心香比较,济徐23、烟薯25和红香蕉块根中GA3含量较高、IAA含量较低、GA3/ABA和ZR/IAA较高。即贮藏结束、排种前,块根中淀粉和支链淀粉含量高、α-淀粉酶活性高、内源GA3含量高及IAA含量低是其萌芽性好的生理指标。

Five sweet potato cultivars with significant differences in germination,Jixu 23,Yanshu 25,Red Banana,Taizhong No.6 and Xinxiang,were used as the test materials.During the storage period,samples were taken regularly to analyze the changes of endogenous hormones and carbohydrate metabolism in the storage roots.Storage roots after storage were planted for seedlings in small arch sheds and investigated.The results showed that Jixu 23,Yanshu 25 and Red Banana germinated earlier,and the number of seedlings picked was significantly more than that of Taizhong 6 and Xinxiang.At the end of storage and before seeding,the starch content and amylopectin content of storage roots in Jixu 23,Yanshu 25 and Red Banana were significantly higher than those of Taizhong No.6 and Xinxiang,Jixu 23,Yanshu 25 and Red Banana.Higher content of amylopectin and amylopectin was mainly due to the smaller decrease during storage.The total amylase andα-amylase activity of storage roots in Jixu 23,Yanshu 25 and Red Banana were significantly higher than that of Taizhong No.6 and Xinxiang,and theα-amylase activity of storage roots in Jixu 23,Yanshu 25 and Red Banana were higher than that of Jixu 23,Yanshu 25 and Red Banana.This is mainly due to the larger increase dur-ing storage.At the end of storage and before seeding,compared with Taizhong No.6 and Xinxiang,Jixu 23,Yanshu 25 and Red Banana had higher GA3 content,lower IAA content,and higher GA3/ABA and ZR/IAA of storage roots.That is,at the end of storage and before seeding,high starch and amylopectin content,highα-amylase activity,high endogenous GA3 content,and low IAA content in storage roots are physiological indicators of good germination.