海南热带雨林国家公园优先保护物种名录及其在国家公园管理中的应用

The checklist of priority protected species in Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park and its application in national park management

海南热带雨林国家公园是全国首批唯一地处热带且生物多样最高的国家公园。生物多样性保护是国家公园建设的重要任务,海南热带雨林国家公园极其丰富的物种为保护工作带来了机遇和挑战。确定生物多样性保护的优先性是在生物多样性资源分布不均、受胁程度不同以及人力、物力有限的情况下缓解当前生物多样性丧失的有效手段。为有序地开展生物多样性保护和推动国家公园建设,海南热带雨林国家公园在全国率先开展优先保护物种名录遴选工作,拟定了包含脊椎动物、植物和大型真菌在内的《海南热带雨林国家公园优先保护物种名录》。研究总结名录的遴选方法与结果,阐明名录对国家公园建设和生物多样性保护的重要作用,为我国的国家公园建设提供海南样本。

The Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park is the only national park in the tropics and has the highest biological diversity among China′s first batch of national parks.Biodiversity conservation is an essential task in constructing the national park,but the vibrant species in the Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park have brought challenges to the conservation work.In the context of the uneven distribution of biodiversity resources,different levels of threats,and limited human and financial resources,prioritizing biodiversity conservation is an effective way to mitigate the current loss of biodiversity.To carry out orderly biodiversity protection and promote the construction of national parks,the Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park has taken the lead in China in carrying out the selection of a priority protected species list.We drew up the Checklist of Priority Protected Species in Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park,including vertebrates,plants,and macrofungi.This paper will summarize the main contents and drafting methods of the list,clarify the critical role,and demonstrate the significance of the list for the construction of national parks and biodiversity conservation.It provides a Hainan sample for constructing national parks in China and even the world.