某污水处理厂减污-节能-降碳的长效运行效能评估研究

Research on the Long-Term Operational Efficiency Evaluation of Pollution Reduction,Energy Conservation,&Carbon Reduction in a Certain Sewage Treatment Plant

基于污水处理厂的年度运行周期,建立相对规范量化的单位处理负荷的能耗、碳排放强度指标的核算与评估体系。通过3 a长效期类比,某污水处理厂实际单位处理量的碳排放强度为0.60~0.93 kgCO_(2)/m_(3),单位COD消减量的碳排放强度为1.98~2.49 kgCO_(2)/kgCOD,其值与单位综合耗氧污染物消减量的碳排放强度值相近,而单位TN消减量的碳排放强度达到12.9~15.8 kgCO_(2)/kgTN。单位处理量的碳排放强度未必与单位污染物消减量的碳排放强度呈现同向关联性变化。该厂排放源主要来自于间接碳排放,其中药剂、电力的间接碳排放强度在总量合计占比超过60%,药剂优耗降碳宜重点抓好脱氮碳源、化学除磷2类。因碳排放因子选值的不确定性,可能会导致不同污水处理厂之间碳排放强度效能评估缺乏量化可比性。

Based on the annual operating cycle of sewage treatment plants,a relatively standardized and quantified accounting and evaluation system for energy consumption and carbon emission intensity indicators per unit of treatment load is established.Through a 3-year long-term analogy,the actual carbon emission intensity per unit of treatment capacity of a sewage treatment plant is 0.60~0.93 kgCO_(2)/m^(3),and the carbon emission intensity per unit of COD reduction is 1.98~2.49 kgCO_(2)/kgCOD,which is similar to the carbon emission intensity per unit of comprehensive oxygen consumption pollutant reduction.The carbon emission intensity per unit of TN reduction reaches 12.9~15.8 kgCO_(2)/kgTN.The carbon emission intensity per unit of processing capacity may not necessarily show a consistent correlation with the carbon emission intensity per unit of pollutant reduction.The main source of emissions from the factory comes from indirect carbon emissions,with the indirect carbon emission intensity of chemicals and electricity accounting for more than 60%of the total.It is recommended to focus on nitrogen removal carbon sources and chemical phosphorus removal for optimal consumption and carbon reduction of chemicals.Due to the uncertainty in the selection of carbon emission factors,it may lead to a lack of quantitative comparability in the evaluation of carbon emission intensity and efficiency among different sewage treatment plants.