心理疏导及认知干预对提升400 mL献血率的影响

Effects of Psychological Counseling and Cognitive Intervention on Improving 400 mL Blood Donation Rate

目的 探讨心理疏导和认知干预对提升400 mL献血率的影响。方法 选取2021年1月—2023年8月青岛市中心血站西海岸第一献血服务部的24 700名志愿者参与研究,按献血时间先后顺序进行分组,其中2021年1月—2022年4月接受常规健康教育的12 350名志愿者为对照组,2022年5月—2023年8月接受心理疏导和认知干预的12 350名志愿者为试验组。比较2组志愿者的献血知识知晓率、400 mL献血率、焦虑和抗拒情绪评分、献血满意度。结果 试验组献血知识知晓率为99.24%,400 mL献血率为85.11%,均高于对照组的98.61%、81.85%(P <0.05);试验组干预后的焦虑和抗拒情绪评分均低于对照组(P <0.05);试验组献血总满意度高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05)。结论 心理疏导和认知干预在提升400 mL献血率、减轻焦虑和抗拒情绪方面具有显著效果;这些干预方法不仅在促进献血行为方面有潜在应用,还能提升献血体验的满意度。

Objective To explore the effects of psychological counseling and cognitive intervention on increasing the 400 mL blood donation rate.Methods A total of 24 700 volunteers from the West Coast First Blood Donor Service,Qingdao Blood Center from January 2021 to August 2023 were selected to participate in the study.They were grouped in chronological order of blood donation,with 12 350 volunteers receiving routine health education from January 2021 to April 2022 as the control group and 12 350 volunteers receiving psychological counseling and cognitive intervention from May 2022 to August 2023 as the experimental group.The awareness rate of blood donation knowledge,400 mL blood donation rate,anxiety and resistance scores,and blood donation satisfaction were compared between the two groups of volunteers.Results The knowledge of blood donation in experimental group was 99.24%,and the 400 mL blood donation rate was 85.11%,which were higher than 98.61%and 81.85% in control group(P < 0.05).The anxiety and resistance scores of the experimental group after intervention were lower than those of the control group(P < 0.05).The total satisfaction of blood donation in experimental group was higher than that in control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P < 0.05).Conclusion Psychological counseling and cognitive intervention have significant effects on increasing the 400 mL blood donation rate,reducing anxiety and resistance emotions.These intervention methods not only have potential applications in promoting blood donation behavior,but also enhance satisfaction with the blood donation experience.