五年制卫生高职学生医院感染防控认知调查及对策研究

Research on Cognition and Countermeasures of Nosocomial Infection Prevention and Control Among Five-Year Health Vocational Students

目的 对江苏省南通卫生高等职业技术学校学生进行医院感染防控认知调查,制定针对性干预措施。方法 2022年10—11月随机对江苏省南通卫生高等职业技术学校365名学生进行问卷调查并作统计学分析,问卷分为基本信息、院感防控认知题目和认知态度、院感防控知识获取渠道和课程设置建议3部分。结果 实习生院感防控知识得分为(31.67±13.71)分,已就业学生院感防控知识得分为(33.45±13.30)分,优于在校生的(26.34±12.88)分。不同学习阶段的学生对院感防控知识掌握情况差异有统计学意义(P <0.05)。护理专业院感防控知识得分为(34.37±12.67)分,康复治疗技术专业院感防控知识得分为(37.35±13.04)分,优于药学专业的(24.19±11.45)分和中药学专业的(26.58±10.34)分,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05)。医学检验技术专业院感防控知识得分为(32.41±13.37)分,助产专业院感防控知识得分为(34.13±14.89)分,优于药学专业(24.19±11.45)分,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05)。不同专业学生对院感防控知识掌握情况差异有统计学意义(P <0.05)。被调查学生对医院感染防控工作重要性的认知态度赋值为(4.87±0.57)分,高于中立态度(3分),差异有统计学意义(P <0.05)。学生通过学校课程教学(23.6%)、医院培训(21.6%)、带教老师教学(21.3%)等渠道获取院感防控知识最多。不同学习阶段学生院感防控知识获取渠道差异无统计学意义(P> 0.05);不同专业学生院感防控知识获取渠道差异无统计学意义(P> 0.05)。结论 临床实践经历有助于提高学生院感防控知识,学校可以创新专业人才培养模式,增加学生临床实践机会。院校合作,开展“全员、全程、全面”院感防控教育,从而降低医疗机构医院感染发生率,杜绝医院感染暴发事件的发生。

Objective To investigate the cognition of nosocomial prevention and control among students in Nantong Health College of Jiangsu Province,and to formulate targeted intervention measures.Methods A total of 365 students in Nantong Health College of Jiangsu Province were randomly investigated by questionnaire and statistical analysis from October to November 2022.The questionnaire was divided into three parts:basic information,cognitive topics and attitudes,knowledge acquisition channels and curriculum recommendations.Results The score of hospital infection prevention and control knowledge of interns was(31.67±13.71) points,and that of employed students was(33.45±13.30) points,which were better than that of on-campus students(26.34±12.88) points.There was statistical significance in students' grasp of hospital infection prevention and control knowledge at different learning stages(P < 0.05).The score of hospital infection prevention and control knowledge of nursing major was(34.37±12.67) points,and that of rehabilitation technology major was(37.35±13.04) points,which was better than that of pharmacy major(24.19±11.45) points and Chinese pharmacy major(26.58±10.34) points,and the difference was statistically significant(P < 0.05).The score of prevention and control knowledge of medical laboratory technology was(32.41±13.37) points,and that of midwifery was(34.13±14.89)points,which was better than that of pharmacy(24.19±11.45)points,and the difference was statistically significant(P < 0.05).There was statistical significance in the mastery of hospital infection prevention and control knowledge among students of different majors(P < 0.05).The average score of the surveyed students' cognitive attitude toward the importance of nosocomial infection prevention and control was(4.87±0.57) points,which was higher than that of the neutral attitude(3 points),and the difference was statistically significant(P < 0.05).Students acquired the most knowledge of hospital infection prevention and control through school course teaching(23.6%),hospital training(21.6%),teaching with teachers(21.3%) and other channels.There was no significant difference in the acquisition channels of knowledge on prevention and control of hospital infection among students at different learning stages(P > 0.05).There was no significant difference in the acquisition channels of school infection prevention and control knowledge among students of different majors(P > 0.05).Conclusion Clinical practice experience is helpful to improve students' knowledge of hospital infection prevention and control,and schools can innovate the training mode of professional talents to increase students' clinical practice opportunities.Hospital and university cooperate to carry out "whole-person,whole-process,and comprehensive" nosocomial infection control education,so as to reduce the incidence of hospital infection in medical institutions and prevent the occurrence of hospital infection outbreaks.