不同营养评估法在老年长期卧床患者预后评价中的应用

Comparison of two different nutritional assessment methods in evaluating the prognosis of elderly patients with long-term bed rest

目的探讨2种不同营养评估法在老年长期卧床患者预后评价中的应用对比。方法选择2022年1月至2022年12月接治的80例老年长期卧床患者作为本次研究对象,均采取营养风险筛查2002(NRS2002)、微型营养评估简表(MNA-SF)对患者预后营养状况评估,以膳食回顾、人体测量(BMI<18.5 kg/m^(2))和体成分分析(或白蛋白<35 g/L)等营养评定指标作为评定营养不良的标准作为金标准,并对NRS2002、MNA-SF量表与金标准评估情况进行对比,明确适合老年长期卧床患者预后营养状况的筛查方法。结果80例患者经金标准评估,其中49例判定为营养不良;NRS2002判定45例为营养不良,MNA-SF量表评定49例营养不良,与金标准对比,2组评估结果并无明显统计学差异(P<0.05)。2种营养评估方案评估营养不良发生率对比差异无统计学意义(P<0.05)。NRS2002、微型营养评估简表对患者预后营养状况评估结果显示,2种评估方案与传统血液检验指标对比差异无统计学意义(P<0.05);不同疾病长期卧床老年患者预后NRS2002评分对比差异无统计学意义(P<0.05);不同疾病长期卧床老年患者预后MNA-SF量表评分对比差异无统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论MNA-SF与NRS2002评估方案均具有全面、准确等优势,操作便捷,无创安全,评估耗时较短,可适用于老年长期卧床患者的预后营养预估。

Objective To explore the application of two different nutritional assessment methods in evaluating the prognosis of elderly patients with long-term bed rest.Methods Eighty elderly long-term bedridden patients admitted to our hospital from January 2022 to December 2022 were selected as the subjects of this study.The nutritional status was evaluated using the Nutritional risk screening 2002(NRS2002)and the Mini-Nutritional Assessment Brief Form(MNA-SF).Using the nutritional evaluation indexes like dietary review,body measurement(body mass index[BMI]<18.5kg/m^(2))and body composition analysis(oRalbumin<35g/L)as the gold standard to evaluate malnutrition,the nutritional status evaluated by the NRS2002 and MNA-SF scales was compared with the gold standard to clarify screening methods suitable for prognostic nutritional status of elderly patients with long-term bed rest.Results A total of 80 patients were evaluated by the gold standard,involving 49 with malnutrition.Forty-five cases were judged as malnutrition by NRS2002,and 49 cases were assessed as malnutrition by the MNA-SF scale.Compared with those of the gold standard,there was no significant difference in the evaluation results between the two groups(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the incidence of malnutrition between the two nutrition assessment schemes(P<0.05).There were no significant differences in the conventional blood tests assessed by the NRS2002 and MNA-SF(P<0.05).There were no significant differences in the prognostic scores of the NRS2002 and MNA-SF of long-term bedridden elderly patients with different diseases(P<0.05).Conclusion Both the MNA-SF and NRS2002 have the advantages of comprehensive,accurate,simple and non-invasive assessment with a short evaluation time,which can be used for predicting the prognostic nutrition in elderly patients with long-term bed rest.