直肠癌新辅助治疗后病理学完全缓解的影像学研究进展

Imaging research progress on complete pathological remission after neoadjuvant therapy for rectal cancer

直肠癌是我国常见恶性肿瘤,死亡率高居第5位。直肠癌新辅助治疗可以改善患者预后,甚至可使部分患者达到病理学完全缓解(pCR),从而避免根治性手术带来的并发症和功能损害,因此,如何在术前准确评估pCR是目前的研究热点。近年来包括直肠腔内超声、MRI、正电子发射计算机断层显像(PET-CT)等在内的影像新技术快速发展,影像学评估直肠癌新辅助治疗后pCR已取得了良好效果。本文对这一领域进行综述,旨在为直肠癌患者个性化治疗提供依据。

Rectal cancer is a common malignant tumor in China,with a high mortality rate ranking fifth.Neoadjuvant therapy for rectal cancer can improve patient prognosis and even achieve pathological complete remission(pCR)in some patients,thereby avoiding complications and functional damage caused by radical surgery.Therefore,how to accurately evaluate pCR before surgery is currently a research hotspot.In recent years,new imaging technologies such as endorectal ultrasound,magnetic resonance imaging(MRI),and positron emission computed tomography(PET-CT)have developed rapidly,and imaging evaluation of pCR after neoadjuvant therapy for rectal cancer has achieved good results.This article provides a review of this field,aiming to provide a basis for personalized treatment of rectal cancer patients.