俯冲侵蚀的研究历史、现状与展望

Research history,progress and prospects on the subduction erosion

俯冲侵蚀是指在板块俯冲过程中,俯冲板块通过构造作用移走俯冲上盘的物质并将其带到深部地幔的过程。前人研究表明,俯冲侵蚀在新生代环太平洋俯冲带是一种十分普遍且非常重要的地质过程,同时对活动陆缘的构造变形、岩浆弧的形成、金属成矿、壳-幔物质循环以及大陆地壳的生长与演化均具有重要的影响。本文在回顾前人研究历史的基础上,简要介绍了俯冲侵蚀的基本模型和控制因素,系统总结了俯冲侵蚀引起的地质效应以及识别依据,分析探讨了俯冲侵蚀与金属成矿、大陆地壳演化的关系。此外,本文还介绍了俯冲侵蚀在国内的研究现状,并分析了青藏高原的班公湖-怒江缝合带和雅鲁藏布江缝合带晚中生代俯冲侵蚀识别的研究实例,揭示了欧亚大陆南缘在晚中生代是一个侵蚀型的板块汇聚边界。最后对我国今后开展相关研究提出了一些思考和展望。

Subduction erosion refers to the tectonic process where the subducting plate removes material from the overlying plate and transports it into the deep mantle.Previous research has indicated that subduction erosion is a widespread and important geodynamic process in the Cenozoic circum-Pacific subduction zones,and it also play an important role in the deformation of active continental margins,the generation of magmatic arcs,metallogenesis,crust-mantle material recycling,and the growth and evolution of continental crust.Basing on reviewing the previous research history,this paper succinctly delineates the fundamental model and controlling factors of subduction erosion and systematically summarizes the geological effects induced by subduction erosion,as well as the criteria for its identification.Then we analyzed and discussed the connection between subduction erosion,metallogenesis,and the evolution of continental crust.Moreover,we introduced the research progress on subduction erosion within China,and we analyzed two research examples identifying the Late Mesozoic subduction erosion processes along the Bangong-Nujiang Suture Zone and the Yarlung Zangbo Suture Zone in the Tibetan Plateau,which unveil that the southern margin of the Eurasian continent was an erosive-type convergence boundary during the Late Mesozoic.Finally,we proposed our thoughts and prospects on subdction erosion researches in the future.