微生物来源的α-L-阿拉伯呋喃糖苷酶的研究进展

Research Progress ofα-L-Arabinofuranosidase from Microorganisms

α-L-阿拉伯呋喃糖苷酶(Alpha-L-arabinofuranosidase,α-L-AFase)属于糖苷水解酶类,主要功能是水解阿拉伯木聚糖中的阿拉伯糖取代基,并与其他水解酶协同促进半纤维素的降解,从而改善半纤维素的生物转化率。本文综述了近年来微生物来源α-L-AFase的酶学特性、性质改良、结构、催化机制和协同作用效应等方面的研究进展,发现不同微生物来源的α-L-AFase的理化性质、分子结构和催化机制均存在着多样性,重组表达的方法能有效改善α-L-AFase的活性和稳定性,且α-L-AFase与其他半纤维素水解酶的协同催化作用使底物的转化效率显著提高。α-L-AFase广泛应用于改善面团发酵质地、果汁澄清、酿酒工艺优化、制备高消化率饲料以及功能性保健产品研制等多个领域。本文为后续α-L-AFase的基础研究、开发和利用提供一定的参考。

Alpha-L-arabinofuranosidase(α-L-AFase)belongs to glycosyl hydrolases.Its main function is to hydrolyze the arabinose substituents in arabinoxylan and promote the hydrolysis of hemicellulose with other hydrolases synergistically,so as to improve the biotransformation rate of hemicellulose.In this article,the recent research advances on the enzymatic characteristic and its improvement,structure,catalytic mechanism and synergistic catalytic effect ofα-L-AFase from microorganisms are reviewed.It is found that the physicochemical properties,molecular structures and catalytic mechanisms ofα-L-AFases from different microbial sources are diverse,and the method of recombinant expression could effectively improve the enzymatic activity and stability ofα-L-AFase.This synergistic catalysis ofα-L-AFase with other hemicelluloses hydrolases can significantly improve the substrate conversion efficiency.α-L-AFase has been widely used in many fields such as improving the texture of fermented dough,juice clarification,optimizing the brewing technique,preparation of high digestion feed,and preparing the functional health products.This review provides some references for the subsequent fundamental research,development and utilization ofα-L-AFase in the future.