老年大学的世界模式与中国借鉴

World Models of the Universities for the Elderly and China’s Reference

老年大学是实现积极老龄化的有效载体。由于社会制度、经济发展、文化基因、教育体制等因素的差异,不同国家与地区形成了各自独特的老年教育发展模式,如“自上而下”的法国模式、“自下而上”的英国模式、文化混合模式、基于社区的美国模式等多元发展模式。尽管老年大学的模式与运行机制不甚相同,但都体现了对积极老龄观的逻辑演绎。总结不同模式的老年大学在办学组织、管理模式、师资建设等方面的有益经验,旨在为我国老年大学的发展模式提供有效参照。

The university for the elderly is the effective carrier to realize active aging.Due to the differences in social systems,economic development,cultural genes and educational systems,different countries and regions have formed their oun uniqul development models in elderly education,such as French“top-down”model,British“bottom-up”model,the cultural mix model and American community-based model.Although the models and operation mechanism of the universities for the elderly are different,they all embody the logical deduction of the positive view of aging.This paper summarizes the useful experience of different models of the universities for the elderly in the aspects of running organization,management model and teacher construction,in order to provide an effective reference for the development model of the universities for the elderly in China.