玉米籽粒功能标记研究进展

Research Progress in Functional Markers of Maize Kernel

功能标记是依据功能基因序列的多态性开发的一种准确、高效的分子标记,不同等位变异基因与表型直接相关。籽粒性状是由互相关联多基因调控的较复杂的重要性状之一,也是生化生理一系列过程的最终表现,已成为育种者在品种选育过程中的研究热点。对国内外玉米籽粒性状的分子标记、QTL定位、候选基因克隆、全基因组关联分析、转基因技术等应用的相关研究进行了综述,探讨了籽粒功能标记存在的问题,旨在为玉米籽粒分子生物学及现代生物技术在玉米育种中的应用提供参考。

Functional marker was an accurate and efficient molecular marker developed based on the polymorphism of functional gene sequences,and different allele variant genes were directly related to phenotypes.Grain traits had become a research hotspot for breeders in the process of variety selection,and were one of the most complex and important traits regulated by interrelated multiple genes.They were also the final manifestation of a series of biochemical and physiological processes.This article reviews the relevant research on molecular markers,QTL mapping,candidate gene cloning,genome-wide association analysis and transgenic technology for maize kernel traits at home and abroad.The problems of kernel functional markers were discussed,in order to provided reference for the application of modern biotechnology and molecular biology in maize breeding.