2019年冻鱼糜制品中食源性致病菌污染状况分析

Analysis of foodborne pathogens in frozen surimi-based products in 2019

目的了解冻鱼糜制品中食源性致病菌污染状况。方法从全国范围内采集冻鱼糜制品4516份,按照食品安全国家标准《食品微生物学检验》相应标准的规定,对样品中单核细胞增生李斯特菌、副溶血性弧菌、小肠结肠炎耶尔森氏菌、致泻大肠埃希菌进行检验。结果单核细胞增生李斯特菌检出率6.02%(272/4516),副溶血性弧菌检出率0.84%(38/4516),小肠结肠炎耶尔森氏菌检出率0.84%(38/4516),致泻大肠埃希菌检出率0.91%(41/4516)。单核细胞增生李斯特菌的污染在4种食源性致病菌中较为突出,且不同产地的样品中单核细胞增生李斯特菌的污染差异较大。除副溶血性弧菌以外,其余3种食源性致病菌在散装样品中的检出率均高于预包装样品。结论市售冻鱼糜制品存在致病菌污染,需要关注其健康风险。

Objective This study aimed to analyze the microbial contamination status in frozen surimi-based products.Methods A total of 4516 frozen fish mince products were collected nationwide and tested for Listeria monocytogenes,Vibrio parahaemolyticus,Yersinia enterocolitica,and diarrheogenic Escherichia coli according to the test method in the National Standard for Microbiology Inspection of Food.Results The detection rates were as follows:Listeria monocytogenes,6.02%(272/4516);Vibrio parahemolyticus,0.84%(38/4516);Yersinia enterocolitica,0.84%(38/4516);and diarrheogenic Escherichia coli at 0.91%(41/4516).The contamination of Listeria monocytogenes was more prominent among the four foodborne pathogens,and the contamination of Listeria monocytogenes in samples with different origins was quite different.Except for Vibrio parahaemolyticus,the detection rates of the other three foodborne pathogens in bulk samples were higher than those in the prepackaged samples.Conclusion Pathogenic bacterial contamination was observed in commercial frozen surimi products.Paying attention to the food safety risk caused by this kind of food is necessary.