个体化营养干预对HDP高风险孕妇HDP发病及母婴结局的影响

The impact of individualized nutritional intervention on the incidence of HDP and maternal and infant outcomes in pregnant women with high risk of HDP

目的探讨个体化营养干预对妊娠期高血压疾病(hypertensive disorders of pregnancy,HDP)高风险孕妇HDP发生情况及母婴结局的影响。方法选取2021年10月至2023年2月在郑州大学第三附属医院产科门诊建档的孕早期(≤13^(+6)周)HDP高风险孕妇193例,按照随机化分组的原则分为干预组(101例)和对照组(92例)。对照组进行常规的孕期营养教育、体重管理建议。干预组在对照组基础上由研究者制定符合个体营养素现状的营养干预意见和食物交换份法食谱,研究者还需定期在干预组微信群中进行孕期营养知识和食物交换份法知识教育。比较两组HDP发生情况、妊娠结局及新生儿结局。结果与对照组比较,干预组HDP发生率、不良妊娠结局及不良新生儿结局发生率更低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),且干预组HDP平均发生孕周晚于对照组。结论对HDP高风险孕妇实施个体化营养干预可降低HDP的发生率,延缓HDP的发病孕周,改善妊娠结局及新生儿结局,值得在临床上推广应用。

Objective To explore the impact of individualized nutritional intervention on the incidence of hypertensive disordersof pregnancy(HDP)and maternal and infant outcomes in pregnant women with high⁃risk of HDP.Methods 193 pregnant women with high⁃risk of HDP in early pregnancy(≤13^(+6) weeks)who were registered at the Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinic of the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from October 2021 to February 2023 were selected and randomized into an intervention group(101 cases)and a control group(92 cases)according to the principle of randomization grouping.The control group received routine prenatal nutrition education and weight management recommendations.On the basis of the control group,the intervention group was formulated by researchers with nutritional intervention opinions and food exchange portion recipes that were in line with individual nutritional status.Researchers also needed to regularly provide education on pregnancy nutrition and food exchange portion knowledge in the intervention group's WeChat group.Compared the incidence of HDP,pregnancy outcomes and neonatal outcomes between two groups.Results Compared with the control group,the intervention group had a lower incidence of HDP,adverse pregnancy outcomes,and adverse neonatal outcomes,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05),and the intervention group had an average occurrence of HDP at a later gestational age than the control group.Conclusion Individualized nutritional intervention for pregnant women with high⁃risk of HDP can reduce the incidence of HDP,delay the onset of HDP at gestational age,improve pregnancy and neonatal outcomes,and is worth promoting and applying in clinical practice.