二氧化硅包覆核壳结构催化剂的制备与应用研究进展

RESEARCH PROGRESS ON PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF SiO_(2) COATED CORE-SHELL CATALYSTS

核壳材料作为一种复合型高效催化材料,由核心和壳层两部分有序组装而成,表现出优异的协同效应和新特性,在多相催化领域具有广阔的应用前景。其中,SiO_(2)因无毒、化学惰性、光学透明、易于被修饰改性、价格低等优势而成为制备核壳结构催化剂的一种理想的壳层材料。介绍了溶胶-凝胶法、模板剂法、自组装法、表面沉积法等SiO_(2)包覆的核壳结构催化剂的制备方法,并从择形催化、减少活性组分流失、防止纳米颗粒聚集和烧结三方面总结了SiO_(2)包覆的核壳结构催化剂在多相催化中的应用,并探讨了SiO_(2)包覆的核壳结构催化剂的未来发展趋势。

Core-shell materials,as a kind of composite catalyst,are composed of core and shell,which show excellent synergistic effect and new characteristics.SiO_(2) is an ideal shell material for developing core-shell catalysts because of its advantages such as non-toxicity,chemical inertness,optical transparency,simplicity of modification,and low cost.In this paper,the preparation methods of SiO_(2) coated core-shell catalysts,including the sol-gel approach,template method,self-assembly process,and surface deposition method were introduced in detail.Besides,the applications of SiO_(2) coated core-shell catalysts in heterogeneous catalysis,such as shape selective catalysis,reducing the loss of active components,preventing the aggregation of nanoparticles and sintering were discussed.The future development trend of core-shell catalysts coated with SiO_(2) was pointed out.