碱性过氧化氢处理对藕渣不溶性膳食纤维结构及功能特性的影响

Effect of Alkaline Hydrogen Peroxide Treatment on Structure and Functional Properties of Insoluble Dietary Fiber from Lotus Root Residue

采用碱性过氧化氢(AHP)处理藕渣,比较处理前、后藕渣不溶性膳食纤维(IDF)结构和功能特性的变化。结果表明:AHP处理后藕渣IDF的D-葡萄糖质量分数显著增加了9.52%(P<0.05),而其它单糖含量均显著降低(P<0.05)。扫描电子显微镜分析表明,AHP处理后的IDF结构蓬松,表面起皱并出现解离断裂。X-射线衍射发现AHP处理后IDF晶体结构虽未发生改变,但衍射强度由13.09%增加至16.13%(P<0.05)。傅里叶红外光谱分析表明,AHP处理后IDF的部分官能团发生变化,特征峰减弱或消失。热重分析发现AHP处理后IDF热解峰值温度降低,质量残留率从10.43%提高到15.94%(P<0.05)。AHP处理后IDF的持水力、持油力、胆固醇吸附能力、Cu^(2+)吸附能力和阳离子交换能力均显著提高(P<0.05),亚硝酸钠吸附能力未发生显著变化(P>0.05),而膨胀力显著降低(P<0.05)。综上,AHP处理使藕渣IDF的结构发生变化,功能性质得到改善。

This study investigated the changes of structure and functional properties of insoluble dietary fiber(IDF)from lotus root residue before and after alkaline hydrogen peroxide(AHP)treatment.Results showed that D-glucose content of lotus root residue IDF increased significantly by 9.52%(P<0.05),while the contents of other monosaccharides decreased significantly(P<0.05)by AHP treatment.Scanning electron microscopy analysis showed that IDF had fluffy structure and wrinkled surface after AHP treatment.The results of X-ray diffraction indicated the crystal structure of IDF did not change after AHP treatment,but the diffraction intensity increased from 13.09%to 16.13%(P<0.05).Infrared spectroscopy indicated the breakage of some chemical bonds of IDF after AHP treatment,and the characteristic adsorption peaks weakened or disappeared.Thermogravimetric analysis showed that after AHP treatment,the peak pyrolysis temperature of IDF decreased,but the mass residue rate increased from 10.43%to 15.94%(P<0.05).Moreover,the water holding capacity,oil holding capacity,cholesterol adsorption capacity,Cu^(2+) adsorption capacity and cation exchange power of IDF were effectively enhanced(P<0.05)after AHP treatment,sodium nitrite adsorption capacity of did not change significantly(P>0.05),while the expansion capacity was greatly reduced(P<0.05).These results suggested that AHP treatment can change the structure of lotus root residue IDF and improve its functional properties.