常州近代城市规划研究(1840-1949年)

A STUDY ON URBAN PLANNING OF CHANGZHOU FROM 1840 TO 1949

首先阐述了1840-1949年江南地区的发展背景和常州的工业化和城市化。然后分5个时期解析了常州城市规划、城市建设活动和城市规划特点。分析了规划管理机构沿革。最后得出常州近代城市规划的3个结论:路径方面,作为非开埠城市,地方士绅主导的当地经济发展促进了城市规划的近代化,并且不同历史时期,满足城市发展诉求和解决城市问题分别成为城市规划的主要目标。观念方面,常州城市规划经历了由士绅阶层推动到政府行政推广的变化。技术方面,1928年以前,国外城市规划的操作体系和制度框架正在形成,还没有直接的证据显示其对常州的影响;1928年以后,国外城市规划开始通过自上而下的行政推广影响常州,并在规划实践中明显体现。

This paper first expounds on the development background of the regions south of the Yangtze River as well as industrialization and urbanization of Changzhou from 1840 to 1949.Then,dividing this period into five stages,the paper analyzes not only the urban planning process,urban construction activities,and urban planning characteristics in each stage,but also the evolution of planning management institutions.In the end,the paper comes to three conclusions:in terms of path,the modernization of urban planning in Changzhou,a non-port city,was propelled by local economic development that was led by the local gentry,and it had become the primary objectives of urban planning across different stages to meet the needs of urban development and solve problems emerging in urban development.In terms of concept,Changzhou's urban planning had experienced a change from being led by the local gentry to being driven by the local government through the administrative measures.In terms of methodology,before 1928,there was no direct evidence indicating that Changzhou was affected by foreign urban planning as the operational system and institutional framework of urban planning overseas were not fully developed;after 1928,foreign urban planning began to have an impact on Changzhou through topdown administrative promotion,which could be clearly seen in Changzhou's urban planning practice.