煤炭地下气化开发利用现状与发展趋势

Current status and development trends of the development and utilization of underground coal gasification

煤炭地下气化(UCG)作为一种可以将固体煤转化为气体燃料的技术,将煤炭在地下进行气化反应,可以缓解由于在地上燃烧煤炭而产生的大气污染,助力碳减排社会效益,对于实现低碳发展具有重要作用。以建立“清洁、低碳、安全、高效”的能源获取方式为出发点,介绍了我国煤炭地下气化的研究历程、发展目标和政策方针,对我国发布的关于煤炭资源利用和煤炭地下气化技术的相关政策进行了分析解读。分别从经济、环境、社会效益3个维度对煤炭地下气化的开发利用价值进行分析,指出煤炭地下气化技术的开发利用可以为我国煤炭行业带来一定的效益。同时,在推动煤炭地下气化技术的发展过程中,还要注重环境保护和管理措施,确保技术实施的安全性和可持续性。基于PESTEL模型从政治、经济、社会、技术、环境、法律5个方面对煤炭地下气化技术的开发进行全面、系统的分析,并阐述了我国煤炭地下气化技术发展的不利因素。最后根据PESTEL模型分析结果,从技术、政策和环境3个方面对我国煤炭地下气化的发展提出了相应的解决方案和政策性建议。结果表明,煤炭地下气化技术具有潜在的经济和环境优势,需加强国内高校、企业与能源公司的协同合作,扩大国际合作范围,并制定和执行环境保护措施,以推动煤炭地下气化技术的发展,实现可持续能源开发和环境保护的双赢。

Underground coal gasification(UCG)as a technology that can convert solid coal into gaseous fuel by gasifying coal underground,can alleviate atmospheric pollution caused by burning coal on the ground,help reduce carbon emissions for societal benefits,and play an important role in reducing carbon dioxide emissions.This article starts from the establishment of a"clean,low-carbon,safe,and efficient"energy acquisition method,introduces the research history,development goals,and policy guidelines of China's UCG,and analyzes and interprets the policies related to coal resource utilization and UCG technology released by China.It analyzes the value of the development and utilization of UCG from three dimensions:economic,environmental,and social benefits,and points out that the development and utilization of UCG technology can bring certain benefits to China's coal industry.At the same time,during promoting the development of UCG technology,it is also important to pay attention to environmental protection and management measures to ensure the safety and sustainability of technology implementation.Based on the PESTEL model,it conducts a comprehensive and systematic analysis of the development of UCG technology from five aspects:political,economic,social,technological,environmental,and legal,and explains the unfavorable factors in the development of China's UCG technology.Finally,based on the results of the PESTEL model analysis,it proposes corresponding solutions and policy suggestions for the development of UCG in China from three aspects:technology,policy,and environment.The results show that UCG technology has potential economic and environmental advantages.It is necessary to strengthen the collaboration among domestic universities,enterprises,and energy companies,expand the scope of international cooperation,and formulate and implement environmental protection measures to promote the development of UCG technology and achieve a win-win situation of sustainable energy development and environmental protection.