永春方言先行事态助词的形式、分布及来源

The Form,Distribution and Source of Aspectual Particle in Yongchun(永春)Dialect

永春方言中的先行事态助词,来源于“蜀下”(一下)的合音。其“先行”义的凸显,是语用省略与推理的结果。“蜀下”语音形式的变化伴随着整个语法化过程,通过不同的语音形式,可以观察到语法化的不同阶段;以及在语法化过程中音、义之间复杂的匹配关系。这种现象说明,语音的弱化不一定是汉语语法化的必然选项,但却是观察其语法化过程的重要窗口。

The anterior particle in the Yongchun(永春)dialect can stem from the fusion of“tsit^(35-21)e^(331)(蜀下)”.The acquisition of its“first”meaning is the result of pragmatic ellipsis and inference.This special source provides a new perspective for the observation of language evolution.The change of the phonetic form of“tsit^(35-21)e^(331)(蜀下)”is accompanied with the whole grammaticalization process.Through different phonetic forms,we observe the different stages of grammaticalization and the complex matching relationship between sound and meaning in the grammaticalization process.This phenomenon shows that the weakening of phonetics is not necessarily and an inevitable choice of grammaticalization in Chinese,but it is an important window to watch the grammaticalization process.