MXenes及其复合物的太赫兹电磁屏蔽与吸收

Terahertz Electromagnetic Shielding and Absorbing of MXenes and Their Composites

开发新型低维材料在太赫兹电磁屏蔽与吸收领域的应用是一个极为重要的研究方向,低维材料以其独特的电学、力学与电磁响应而有望创造出更加高效的电磁屏蔽与吸收方案。二维过渡金属碳化物、氮化物与碳氮化合物MXenes在低频波段已经展示出优异的电磁屏蔽与吸收性能,尤其是MXenes兼具高电导率、低密度、高柔性等特点,有利于未来太赫兹器件便携化与系统集成化。然而,将MXenes太赫兹电磁屏蔽与吸收材料推向实际应用过程中,面临着附着稳定性、环境稳定性、不耐高温等问题,无法满足航空航天和第六代通信场景需求。此外,目前缺乏更加全面的太赫兹散射与吸收验证手段。针对上述问题,研究人员开展了广泛且深入的工作。本文回顾了近年来主流电磁屏蔽与吸收材料的主体构型与基础理论原理,并重点介绍了多种MXenes及其复合物在薄膜与多孔结构下的太赫兹电磁屏蔽与吸收特性,包括Ti3C2Tx、Mo2Ti2C3Tx、Mo2TiC2Tx、Nb4C3Tx、Nb2CTx,并展望了MXenes作为太赫兹频段中电磁屏蔽与吸收材料所面临的挑战和机遇。

Developing novel low-dimensional materials for terahertz electromagnetic shielding and absorbing applications represents a critical research frontier.Their unique electrical,mechanical,and electromagnetic responses hold great potential in enabling more efficient solutions for electromagnetic shielding and absorbing.Two-dimensional transition metal carbides,nitrides,and carbonitride MXenes have already demonstrated excellent electromagnetic shielding and absorbing performance in the low-frequency spectrum.MXenes possess high conductivity,low density,and high flexibility,which are advantageous for future portability and integration of terahertz devices and systems.However,practical implementation of MXene-based terahertz electromagnetic shielding and absorption materials faces challenges in adhesion stability,environmental resilience,and high-temperature tolerance,hindering their suitability for aerospace and future next generation communication applications.Moreover,in the terahertz frequency band,lacking more comprehensive and reliable electromagnetic scattering and absorbing measurement methods limits the development of THz shielding and absorbing materials.Extensive research efforts have targeted on these limitations,exploring fundamental architectural and theoretical aspects of prevalent electromagnetic materials.This review specifically highlights the terahertz electromagnetic shielding and absorption characteristics inherent in various MXenes and their compositions,such as Ti3C2Tx,Mo2Ti2C3Tx,Mo2TiC2Tx,Nb4C3Tx,and Nb2CTx.Additionally,this review envisages the forthcoming challenges and prospects of MXenes as a pivotal electromagnetic shielding and absorbing material within the terahertz frequency band.