多功能MXene油墨:面向印刷能源及电子器件的新视角

MXene Multifunctional Inks:a New Perspective toward Printable Energy-related Electronic Devices

基于功能油墨的先进印刷技术(打印、涂布),能够突破传统制造手段的瓶颈,实现具有复杂结构和特定功能的个性化薄膜及电子器件的快速成型,在可穿戴智能识别、能源存储、电磁屏蔽及吸波、触摸显示等领域展现出巨大的应用前景。印刷先进能源及电子器件的关键在于,开发先进功能油墨材料和与之相匹配的先进印刷技术。2011年发现的MXene材料,是一类由过渡金属碳化物、氮化物或碳氮化物所组成的二维大家族的总称,因其卓越的物理和化学性质(如高电导率、出色的亲水性和丰富的表面化学)而受到广泛关注,特别适合作为印刷电子器件的油墨材料。探索MXene油墨的印刷行为特征并厘清MXene油墨在印刷关键环节中的机理,不仅有助于获得高精度的MXene油墨印刷图案,而且可以为印刷多尺度、多材料的多功能薄膜和电子器件打下了坚实基础。本文首先介绍了MXene的制备及其片层胶体的化学稳定性,并对其流变学特性、可打印油墨的形成、油墨印刷行为以及与之适配的打印方法进行了讨论,着眼于MXene油墨在能源、健康监测和传感应用方面的最新进展,分析了该领域面临的挑战和未来的发展方向,为该领域的研究者提供新的视角和启示。

Advanced ink printing techniques,such as printing and coating,have overcome the limitations of traditional manufacturing methods,allowing for rapid prototyping of films and electronic devices with sophisticated structures and specific functions.These techniques hold enormous potential in wearable smart identification,energy storage,electromagnetic shielding and absorption,touch display,and so on.The key to printing advanced energy and electronic devices lies in the development of cutting-edge functional inks and their corresponding printing technologies.MXene,a family of two-dimensional compounds composed of transition metal carbides,nitrides,or carbonitrides,was discovered in 2011.MXene exhibits remarkable physical and chemical properties,including high conductivity,pronounced hydrophilicity,and diverse surface chemistry,which has garnered significant attention within the research community and made it particularly suitable as inks in printing applications.Conducting research on the printing behavior and mechanisms of MXene inks is crucial not only for achieving high-precision patterns but also for establishing a solid foundation for manufacturing techniques that can precisely create multiscale,multimaterial and multifunctional films,and electronic devices.This article begins with a brief discussion of MXene flakes’synthesis and colloidal stability,followed by a detailed examination of its rheological characteristics,printable ink formulation,and printing methods.Additional,special attention is given to the latest advances of MXene ink in energy,health,and sensing applications.The perspective concludes with a summary of current research challenges and future directions in this area,offering new perspectives and insights for researchers.