外侧弓状韧带上腰方肌与腹横肌平面阻滞对腹腔镜肝脏部分切除术后镇痛效果的研究

Study on analgesic effect of anterior quadratus lumborum block at lateral supra-arcuate ligament and transversus abdominis plane block in analgesia in patients undergoing laparoscopic partial hepatectomy

目的观察超声引导下外侧弓状韧带上前路腰方肌阻滞(QLB-LSAL)与腹横肌平面阻滞(TAPB)对腹腔镜肝脏部分切除术(LPH)后镇痛与恢复质量的影响。方法选择择期行LPH患者58例,采用随机数字表法将患者分为弓状韧带组和腹横平面组,每组29例。弓状韧带组在术前进行双侧QLB-LSAL,腹横平面组在术前进行双侧肋缘下TAPB,2组均每侧给予0.33%的罗哌卡因20 mL,术后均使用自控静脉镇痛(PCIA)。记录2组患者术后2、4、6、12、24和48 h静息和运动数字评价量表(NRS)评分,术前1 d、术后1和3 d进行15项恢复质量量表(QoR-15)评分,围手术期麻醉药物用量,PCIA按压次数,48 h补救镇痛药使用例数,术后恶心呕吐(PONV)发生率及术后首次下床时间。结果与腹横平面组相比,弓状韧带组术后2、4、6、12、24和48 h运动NRS评分,术后2、4、6、12和24 h静息NRS评分降低(P<0.05),术后1 d和3 d QoR-15评分增加(P<0.05),弓状韧带组患者围手术期瑞芬太尼和舒芬太尼用量、术后48 h使用补救镇痛药物比例、镇痛泵按压次数、PONV发生率及术后首次下床时间降低(P<0.05)。结论QLB-LSAL阻滞对LPH术后镇痛效果和恢复质量优于TABP阻滞。

Objective To observe the effect of ultrasound-guided anterior quadratus lumborum block at lateral supraarcuate ligament(QLB-LSAL)and transversus abdominis plane block(TAPB)on analgesia and recovery quality after laparoscopic partial hepatectomy(LPH).Methods Fifty-eight patients underwent elective LPH were selected and divided into the quadratus lumborum group or the transversus abdominis group randomly,with 29 patients in each group.The quadratus lumborum group received bilateral QLB-LSAL,and the transversus abdominis group received bilateral subcostal TAPB block before surgery.Both groups received 20 mL of 0.33%ropivacaine on each side.All patients used patientcontrolled intravenous analgesia(PCIA)postoperatively.The numeric rating scale(NRS)scores for rest and movement were recorded at 2,4,6,12,24 and 48 hours postoperatively,as well as the Quality of Recovery-15(QoR-15)scores at 1 day preoperatively,1 and 3 days postoperatively.The perioperative anesthetic agent consumption,PCIA pressing frequency,remedial analgesia use in 48 h,postoperative nausea and vomiting(PONV)incidence and time of first out-of-bed mobilization were also recorded.Results Compared with the transversus abdominis group,the quadratus lumborum group had lower movement NRS scores at 2,4,6,12,24 and 48 hours postoperatively,and lower rest NRS scores at 2,4,6,12 and 24 hours postoperatively(P<0.05).The quadratus lumborum group had higher QoR-15 scores at 1 and 3 days postoperatively(P<0.05).Patients in the quadratus lumborum group had reduced perioperative remifentanil and sufentanil consumption,postoperative 48-hour rescue analgesia use,PCIA pressing frequency,PONV incidence and time of first outof-bed mobilization(P<0.05).Conclusion QLB-LSAL block provides superior analgesic effects and recovery quality compared to TAPB block after LPH.