宅基地发展权转移交易:逻辑、演进与机制——基于“集地券”和“复垦券”的双案例比较

Logic,Evolution,and Mechanism of the Transfer Transaction of Rural Residential Land Development Right:A Comparison of Two Cases Based on"Land Assembly Vouchers"and"Reclamation Vouchers"

宅基地发展权转移交易通过闲置土地资源的优化配置,焕发“沉睡资产”的生机与活力。运用双案例对比分析方法,比较宅基地发展权转移交易“集地券”和“复垦券”的共性与异质性。研究发现:宅基地发展权转移交易是“集地券”和“复垦券”的实质核心,蕴含着增减挂钩占补平衡、土地节余指标交易、土地增值收益分配、票券利用和再利用的核心特征;“产生—交易—利用”的运作范式搭建了“集地券”和“复垦券”的逻辑流程框架,刻画了宅基地发展权转移交易的故事线;“人—地—权—利”四维要素和诱导、整治、竞合、契约、分配、共享的六大机制贯穿于整个运作流程之中。各要素、各机制、各阶段之间的相互耦合确保了政策的长效运作和目标实现。因此,应厘清宅基地发展权转移交易的逻辑、演进与机制,助推闲置宅基地的再利用和资产价值发挥,从而为政府深化土地改革提供智力支持。

The transfer transaction of rural residential land development rights is to display the vitality of"sleeping assets"through the optimal allocation of idle land resources.Using the method of double-case comparative analysis,the commonality and heterogeneity of"land assembly vouchers"and"reclamation vouchers"in the transfer transaction of rural residential land development rights are com-pared.It is found that the transfer transaction of rural residential land development rights is the essential core of"land assembly vouch-ers"and"reclamation vouchers",which contain the core characteristics of increase and decrease linked occupation and compensation balance,land savings index transaction,land value-added income distribution,ticket utilization,and reuse.The operation paradigm of"production-trade-utilization"sets up the logical flow frame of"land assembly vouchers"and"reclamation vouchers",and depicts the storyline of the transfer transaction of rural residential land development rights.The four-dimensional elements of"man-land-rights-profit"and the six mechanisms of induction,regulation,competition and cooperation,contract,distribution,and sharing run through the whole operation process.The coupling of various elements,mechanisms,and stages ensures the long-term operation of pol-icies and the realization of goals.Therefore,it is necessary to clarify the logic,evolution,and mechanism of the transfer transaction of rural residential land development rights,promote the reuse of idle housing land and the play of asset value,to provide intellectual sup-port for the government to deepen land reform.