西藏地区≥60岁老年人群高血压和糖尿病患病率及危险因素分析

Prevalence and risk factors of hypertension and diabetes in the elderly aged≥60 years in Tibet

目的了解西藏老年人高血压、糖尿病及其危险因素状况,为提高老年人健康生命质量提供依据。方法选取2019年7月至2020年7月在西藏拉萨市、日喀则市、林芝市、昌都市、山南市、那曲市及阿里地区居住的1378名年龄≥60岁常住居民作为调查研究对象,采用多阶段分层整群抽样方法进行问卷调查、体格测量和实验室检测,了解西藏老年人高血压、糖尿病患病情况,采用多因素Logistic回归分析西藏老年人高血压、糖尿病的影响因素。结果西藏老年人高血压患病率为69.19%,糖尿病患病率为8.16%;男性糖尿病患病率高于女性,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);≥70岁老年人高血压患病率高于60~69岁老年人,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,年龄、职业、超重/肥胖是高血压的危险因素(P<0.05),性别、职业、超重/肥胖是糖尿病的危险因素(P<0.05),农民、超重/肥胖是高血压及糖尿病共同的危险因素(P<0.05)。结论西藏老年人高血压处于较高水平且高血压受年龄影响较大,≥70岁患病达80.07%。农民及超重/肥胖是高血压、糖尿病的共同危险因素。

Objective To understand the status of hypertension,diabetes and its risk factors of the elderly in Xizang,and to provide a basis for improving the healthy quality of life of the elderly.Methods 1378 permanent residents aged≥60 years living in Lhasa,Shigatse,Nyingchi,Qamdo,Shannan,Nagqu and Nali districts of Tibet from July 2019 to July 2020 were selected as the research subjects,the multi-stage stratified cluster sampling method was used to conduct questionnaire survey,physical measurement and laboratory detection to understand the prevalence of hypertension and diabetes among the elderly in Tibet,and the influencing factors of hypertension and diabetes were analyzed by multivariate Logistic regression.Results The prevalence of hypertension among the elderly in Tibet was 69.19%and diabetes was 8.16%;the prevalence of diabetes was higher than that of women,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05);the prevalence of hypertension in the elderly aged≥70 years was higher than that in the elderly aged 60-69 years,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that age,occupation,overweight/obesity were risk factors for hypertension(P<0.05),gender,occupation,overweight,obesity were risk factors for diabetes(P<0.05),and farmers,overweight,obesity were common risk factors for hypertension and diabetes(P<0.05).Conclusion The hypertension of the elderly in Tibet have a high level and is greatly affected by age,the prevalence of hypertension in the elderly aged≥70 years is 80.07%.Farmers and overweight,obesity are common risk factors for hypertension and diabetes.